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Why Recombinants Are Essential for Assay Development and Production

Scripps Laboratories says that if native proteins are unavailable, research organizations and
diagnostic companies should look to recombinant replacements.
The…

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By David A. George

David A. George
Director of Product Research
Scripps Laboratories

The COVID-19 pandemic and geopolitical conflict in Eastern Europe have done irreparable damage to the underpinnings of the clinical diagnostic industry. These events significantly impacted the supply of the starting materials needed to purify proteins that are essential to diagnostic test kit development and production. Today, proteins purified from glands and organs (native proteins) are in dire short supply. Fortunately, Scripps Laboratories is developing a new era of recombinant proteins for research and diagnostic assay development. Functional recombinant products are now available to the industry, and they offer several advantages over native proteins.

In a previous article in this publication, we stated that structural complexities and post-translational modifications constitute challenges that can limit the functionality of recombinant proteins available to the diagnostic industry (George, DA. Recombinant Proteins Benefit the Clinical Diagnostic Industry. GEN 2022; 42(9): 20–22). In the same article, we demonstrated that those challenges can be met by employing strategic project planning, protein-specific purification techniques, and extensive product testing. Since the time of that publication, native starting material shortages have become more severe, creating an urgent need for functional recombinant proteins that can be integrated into a myriad of clinical diagnostic assay systems.

Outlined here are examples of new recombinant proteins in the areas of anemia, cardiology, and endocrinology. These new recombinants are shown to be comparable to native proteins, establishing their suitability for immediate use in research and clinical diagnostics.

Anemia—Liver function and vitamin B12 absorption

Assessment of liver function is a vital measure of one’s health. It is also an area in which tissue shortages have negatively impacted the supply of a key liver biomarker, ferritin. Ferritin is the body’s primary iron storage protein, and its measurement is used to assist with the diagnosis of iron-deficiency anemia, hemochromatosis (excess iron absorption), liver disease, and adult Still’s disease (a rare type of arthritis).

Ferritin is produced by several tissues in the body, but it is most abundant in liver and spleen. The quality and accessibility of the livers and spleens needed to purify native ferritin began to diminish approximately a decade ago. Currently, spleens are scarce, and livers available for purification are diseased, resected, or otherwise damaged. This negatively impacts the amount and quality of ferritin available from donor tissues, resulting in a shortfall of the native protein. The shortage of ferritin from human tissues is now extreme, exacerbated by recent global events.

Ferritin is a complicated molecule, composed of varying combinations of heavy-chain and light-chain subunits. In the past, this complex structure made recombinant ferritin difficult to produce. Scripps Laboratories, however, has developed a recombinant form of ferritin that resembles the native protein in physical and performance characteristics.

The recombinant product is apoferritin, which is the ferritin molecule devoid of iron, but its physical characteristics are indistinguishable from native ferritin. Upon SDS-PAGE, the recombinant and native forms run at nearly identical molecular weights. In addition, western blot analysis confirms the presence of heavy-chain and light-chain ferritin in both products. (See scrippslabs.com/recombinant-apoferritin for data.)

Perhaps the most important attribute of a recombinant protein is its performance on commercial analyzers. Consistent, reproducible results are ideal when considering a recombinant as a replacement for a native protein. As can be seen in the Table, the correlation of recombinant apoferritin on two different clinical analyzers is exceptional and matches that of native ferritin. The correlation (ratio) between recombinant apoferritin on the two instruments ranged between 1.01 and 1.02. Similarly, the correlation measured for native ferritin ranged between 1.01 and 1.07.

In addition to its exemplary physical and performance characteristics, recombinant apoferritin can be produced in Escherichia coli, enabling gram-scale production. Given the supply-chain issues associated with native ferritin, recombinant apoferritin is a highly suitable replacement in research and diagnostic applications.

The challenges associated with native protein purification are not limited to human-derived proteins. Animal-sourced proteins are also impacted by inconsistent starting material supply. This is evident in the shortage of quality porcine intrinsic factor, a key component of vitamin B12 assays.

The diagnostic industry has used intrinsic factor purified from porcine stomach for several decades. The supply of this native protein has not been an issue. However, changes in extraction procedures at abattoirs worldwide adversely affected the quality and availability of porcine intrinsic factor. The native material available today performs poorly and is expensive to produce. In response to these problems, using the human gene sequence, Scripps Laboratories developed a recombinant form of intrinsic factor. that performs well in vitamin B12 assay development.

In work performed by Calbiotech (El Cajon, CA), recombinant human intrinsic factor from Scripps Laboratories was conjugated to biotin and used as a capture reagent in a vitamin B12 ELISA. Data generated from 36 samples were compared to results obtained from the kit-supplied capture reagent, made with native porcine intrinsic factor.

Figure 1 shows a scatter plot of the vitamin B12 sample recoveries for both reagents. Linear regression analysis demonstrates a strong positive correlation between the data sets obtained with native and recombinant intrinsic factor, recording an R-squared (R2) value of 0.9979.

Figure 1. Linear regression analysis of vitamin B12
Figure 1. Linear regression analysis of vitamin B12 sample recovery using recombinant human intrinsic factor–biotin and native porcine intrinsic factor–biotin conjugates in a vitamin B12 ELISA. Data generated by Calbiotech (El Cajon, CA).

The poor performance and rising cost of native porcine intrinsic factor make recombinant human intrinsic factor an excellent and sustainable alternative. It is physically and functionally similar to the native protein. In addition, recombinant intrinsic factor can be produced in large scale in E. coli, providing an economic benefit to researchers and diagnostic manufacturers.

Cardiology—Acute myocardial infarction

Early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) saves lives, making rapid tests for AMI essential tools in cardiac care. A typical rapid test for AMI looks for the presence of protein biomarkers shed from damaged heart muscle. Common biomarkers include creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), myoglobin, and subunits of the protein troponin. Troponin subunits I (TnI) and T (TnT) are viable cardiac biomarkers, but we will focus on TnT here.

The shortage of human organs has impacted the purification of these native cardiac biomarkers. Human hearts are available for purification purposes, but supply is erratic, tissue quality is poor, and costs are volatile. Fortunately, recombinant forms of CK-MB and TnT are available that rival the native proteins in purity and antibody reactivity.

Recombinant CK-MB from Scripps Laboratories matches native CK-MB in physical and performance characteristics. Upon SDS-PAGE, recombinant CK-MB runs at the expected molecular weight for native CK-MB. In addition, creatine kinase enzymatic assays demonstrate the absence of CK-BB and CK-MM enzymatic activity. (See scrippslabs.com/recombinant-ck-mb for data.)

When assayed on clinical immunoanalyzers, recombinant CK-MB exhibits specific activity comparable to that for native CK-MB. (Enzymatic activity was measured kinetically by the CK-NAC assay at 37°C. CK-MB mass was measured on a Siemens Centaur CP immunoanalyzer.) For several lots of recombinant CK-MB, the specific activity was 505–631 units/mg; for several lots of native CK-MB, it was 531–645units/mg.

As with CK-MB, recombinant TnT is available, but data are not presented here. (See scrippslabs.com/recombinant-troponin-t.)

Additional advantages of recombinant cardiac markers are their means of purification. Starting materials for the recombinants are readily available and can be produced in nonmammalian expression systems, such as E. coli. This allows rapid, large-scale purifications, which assure steady supplies and provide sustainable, affordable alternatives.

Native cardiac markers have served the diagnostic industry well for many years, but it is time to move beyond them. Recombinant biomarkers are available that are economical to produce and that match native proteins in purity, antibody reactivity, and in the case of CK-MB, enzymatic activity.

Endocrinology—Thyroid function and reproductive biology

Human hormones are perhaps the type of native protein affected most severely by the raw material crisis. Many of these hormones derive from the pituitary, which is a very small gland, approximately the size of a pea. This means several thousand glands, from several thousand donors, are needed for a single purification batch of a native hormone. Such large-scale consumption of a native raw material is unsustainable, and the diagnostic industry is in dire need of recombinant replacements.

Recombinant hormones have been available since the late 1980s, but they were not adopted by the diagnostic industry due to poor performance in antibody-based assay systems. Recent advancements in recombinant expression and purification methods, however, enabled Scripps Laboratories to produce recombinants that rival the performance of native hormones.

Thyroid function and reproductive biology are two areas of clinical diagnostics in which immunoreactive recombinant proteins are now available. Diagnostic testing in both areas has increased dramatically in recent years, and native raw material supply chains cannot keep up with the industry’s demand for purified hormones.

Native hormones in short supply include thyroid stimulating hormone (hTSH), which regulates thyroid function, and the reproductive hormones human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), follicle-stimulating hormone (hFSH), luteinizing hormone (hLH), and prolactin (hPRL). The global demand for these hormones is extraordinarily high, and recombinant alternatives are essential to sustain the diagnostic testing industry. Newly developed recombinant forms of hCG, hFSH, hLH, hPRL, and hTSH from Scripps Laboratories have all been tested and approved for use in clinical diagnostic assays worldwide.

Physically, each of the recombinant hormones displays SDS-PAGE, HPLC, and western blot data consistent with the expected values for each protein. (See scrippslabs.com/recombinant-hormones for data.) Regarding performance on clinical immunoassay systems, for brevity, we present data here for hCG only. Recombinant hCG and native hCG were analyzed on two different clinical immunoanalyzers: a Roche cobas 8000 and a Siemens Centaur CP. Figure 2 demonstrates excellent correlation for both recombinant hCG and native hCG between the two instruments. Linear regression analysis shows a positive correlation of 0.9998 for recombinant hCG and 0.9997 for native hCG on both analyzers. This demonstrates the suitability of the recombinant as a replacement for the native hormone.

Figure 2. Linear regression analysis of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin and native human chorionic gonadotropin
Figure 2. Linear regression analysis of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin and native human chorionic gonadotropin on the Siemens Centaur CP and Roche cobas 8000 clinical immunoanalyzers.

Conclusion

Recombinant proteins are now being approved for use at an increasingly swift pace. Novel recombinant forms of apoferritin and intrinsic factor are being adopted for use in anemia and metabolism, replacing the hard-to-find native proteins. Tissue shortages and cost increases impacting the field of cardiac care are being remedied with recombinant forms of CK-MB and TnT. Similarly, antibody-reactive, recombinant forms of hCG, hFSH, hLH, hPRL, and hTSH are replacing native hormones in tests for thyroid function and reproductive biology.

Recombinant proteins are proving to be suitable and timely replacements for native proteins across a spectrum of clinical diagnostic assays. Recombinants can be produced more economically than their native counterparts, and they are similar to natives in performance and physical appearance.

Given the current and future state of native starting material supplies, Scripps Laboratories is utilizing emergent technological methods to develop recombinant proteins that meet the needs of a changing industry. The data presented here demonstrate that the recombinants of today are well suited to serve the research and diagnostic communities now and into the future.

 

David A. George is director of product research at Scripps Laboratories.

The post Why Recombinants Are Essential for Assay Development and Production appeared first on GEN - Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News.

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Red Candle In The Wind

Red Candle In The Wind

By Benjamin PIcton of Rabobank

February non-farm payrolls superficially exceeded market expectations on Friday by…

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Red Candle In The Wind

By Benjamin PIcton of Rabobank

February non-farm payrolls superficially exceeded market expectations on Friday by printing at 275,000 against a consensus call of 200,000. We say superficially, because the downward revisions to prior months totalled 167,000 for December and January, taking the total change in employed persons well below the implied forecast, and helping the unemployment rate to pop two-ticks to 3.9%. The U6 underemployment rate also rose from 7.2% to 7.3%, while average hourly earnings growth fell to 0.2% m-o-m and average weekly hours worked languished at 34.3, equalling pre-pandemic lows.

Undeterred by the devil in the detail, the algos sprang into action once exchanges opened. Market darling NVIDIA hit a new intraday high of $974 before (presumably) the humans took over and sold the stock down more than 10% to close at $875.28. If our suspicions are correct that it was the AIs buying before the humans started selling (no doubt triggering trailing stops on the way down), the irony is not lost on us.

The 1-day chart for NVIDIA now makes for interesting viewing, because the red candle posted on Friday presents quite a strong bearish engulfing signal. Volume traded on the day was almost double the 15-day simple moving average, and similar price action is observable on the 1-day charts for both Intel and AMD. Regular readers will be aware that we have expressed incredulity in the past about the durability the AI thematic melt-up, so it will be interesting to see whether Friday’s sell off is just a profit-taking blip, or a genuine trend reversal.

AI equities aside, this week ought to be important for markets because the BTFP program expires today. That means that the Fed will no longer be loaning cash to the banking system in exchange for collateral pledged at-par. The KBW Regional Banking index has so far taken this in its stride and is trading 30% above the lows established during the mini banking crisis of this time last year, but the Fed’s liquidity facility was effectively an exercise in can-kicking that makes regional banks a sector of the market worth paying attention to in the weeks ahead. Even here in Sydney, regulators are warning of external risks posed to the banking sector from scheduled refinancing of commercial real estate loans following sharp falls in valuations.

Markets are sending signals in other sectors, too. Gold closed at a new record-high of $2178/oz on Friday after trading above $2200/oz briefly. Gold has been going ballistic since the Friday before last, posting gains even on days where 2-year Treasury yields have risen. Gold bugs are buying as real yields fall from the October highs and inflation breakevens creep higher. This is particularly interesting as gold ETFs have been recording net outflows; suggesting that price gains aren’t being driven by a retail pile-in. Are gold buyers now betting on a stagflationary outcome where the Fed cuts without inflation being anchored at the 2% target? The price action around the US CPI release tomorrow ought to be illuminating.

Leaving the day-to-day movements to one side, we are also seeing further signs of structural change at the macro level. The UK budget last week included a provision for the creation of a British ISA. That is, an Individual Savings Account that provides tax breaks to savers who invest their money in the stock of British companies. This follows moves last year to encourage pension funds to head up the risk curve by allocating 5% of their capital to unlisted investments.

As a Hail Mary option for a government cruising toward an electoral drubbing it’s a curious choice, but it’s worth highlighting as cash-strapped governments increasingly see private savings pools as a funding solution for their spending priorities.

Of course, the UK is not alone in making creeping moves towards financial repression. In contrast to announcements today of increased trade liberalisation, Australian Treasurer Jim Chalmers has in the recent past flagged his interest in tapping private pension savings to fund state spending priorities, including defence, public housing and renewable energy projects. Both the UK and Australia appear intent on finding ways to open up the lungs of their economies, but government wants more say in directing private capital flows for state goals.

So, how far is the blurring of the lines between free markets and state planning likely to go? Given the immense and varied budgetary (and security) pressures that governments are facing, could we see a re-up of WWII-era Victory bonds, where private investors are encouraged to do their patriotic duty by directly financing government at negative real rates?

That would really light a fire under the gold market.

Tyler Durden Mon, 03/11/2024 - 19:00

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Trump “Clearly Hasn’t Learned From His COVID-Era Mistakes”, RFK Jr. Says

Trump "Clearly Hasn’t Learned From His COVID-Era Mistakes", RFK Jr. Says

Authored by Jeff Louderback via The Epoch Times (emphasis ours),

President…

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Trump "Clearly Hasn't Learned From His COVID-Era Mistakes", RFK Jr. Says

Authored by Jeff Louderback via The Epoch Times (emphasis ours),

President Joe Biden claimed that COVID vaccines are now helping cancer patients during his State of the Union address on March 7, but it was a response on Truth Social from former President Donald Trump that drew the ire of independent presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy Jr.

Robert F. Kennedy Jr. holds a voter rally in Grand Rapids, Mich., on Feb. 10, 2024. (Mitch Ranger for The Epoch Times)

During the address, President Biden said: “The pandemic no longer controls our lives. The vaccines that saved us from COVID are now being used to help beat cancer, turning setback into comeback. That’s what America does.”

President Trump wrote: “The Pandemic no longer controls our lives. The VACCINES that saved us from COVID are now being used to help beat cancer—turning setback into comeback. YOU’RE WELCOME JOE. NINE-MONTH APPROVAL TIME VS. 12 YEARS THAT IT WOULD HAVE TAKEN YOU.”

An outspoken critic of President Trump’s COVID response, and the Operation Warp Speed program that escalated the availability of COVID vaccines, Mr. Kennedy said on X, formerly known as Twitter, that “Donald Trump clearly hasn’t learned from his COVID-era mistakes.”

“He fails to recognize how ineffective his warp speed vaccine is as the ninth shot is being recommended to seniors. Even more troubling is the documented harm being caused by the shot to so many innocent children and adults who are suffering myocarditis, pericarditis, and brain inflammation,” Mr. Kennedy remarked.

“This has been confirmed by a CDC-funded study of 99 million people. Instead of bragging about its speedy approval, we should be honestly and transparently debating the abundant evidence that this vaccine may have caused more harm than good.

“I look forward to debating both Trump and Biden on Sept. 16 in San Marcos, Texas.”

Mr. Kennedy announced in April 2023 that he would challenge President Biden for the 2024 Democratic Party presidential nomination before declaring his run as an independent last October, claiming that the Democrat National Committee was “rigging the primary.”

Since the early stages of his campaign, Mr. Kennedy has generated more support than pundits expected from conservatives, moderates, and independents resulting in speculation that he could take votes away from President Trump.

Many Republicans continue to seek a reckoning over the government-imposed pandemic lockdowns and vaccine mandates.

President Trump’s defense of Operation Warp Speed, the program he rolled out in May 2020 to spur the development and distribution of COVID-19 vaccines amid the pandemic, remains a sticking point for some of his supporters.

Vice President Mike Pence (L) and President Donald Trump deliver an update on Operation Warp Speed in the Rose Garden of the White House in Washington on Nov. 13, 2020. (Mandel Ngan/AFP via Getty Images)

Operation Warp Speed featured a partnership between the government, the military, and the private sector, with the government paying for millions of vaccine doses to be produced.

President Trump released a statement in March 2021 saying: “I hope everyone remembers when they’re getting the COVID-19 Vaccine, that if I wasn’t President, you wouldn’t be getting that beautiful ‘shot’ for 5 years, at best, and probably wouldn’t be getting it at all. I hope everyone remembers!”

President Trump said about the COVID-19 vaccine in an interview on Fox News in March 2021: “It works incredibly well. Ninety-five percent, maybe even more than that. I would recommend it, and I would recommend it to a lot of people that don’t want to get it and a lot of those people voted for me, frankly.

“But again, we have our freedoms and we have to live by that and I agree with that also. But it’s a great vaccine, it’s a safe vaccine, and it’s something that works.”

On many occasions, President Trump has said that he is not in favor of vaccine mandates.

An environmental attorney, Mr. Kennedy founded Children’s Health Defense, a nonprofit that aims to end childhood health epidemics by promoting vaccine safeguards, among other initiatives.

Last year, Mr. Kennedy told podcaster Joe Rogan that ivermectin was suppressed by the FDA so that the COVID-19 vaccines could be granted emergency use authorization.

He has criticized Big Pharma, vaccine safety, and government mandates for years.

Since launching his presidential campaign, Mr. Kennedy has made his stances on the COVID-19 vaccines, and vaccines in general, a frequent talking point.

“I would argue that the science is very clear right now that they [vaccines] caused a lot more problems than they averted,” Mr. Kennedy said on Piers Morgan Uncensored last April.

“And if you look at the countries that did not vaccinate, they had the lowest death rates, they had the lowest COVID and infection rates.”

Additional data show a “direct correlation” between excess deaths and high vaccination rates in developed countries, he said.

President Trump and Mr. Kennedy have similar views on topics like protecting the U.S.-Mexico border and ending the Russia-Ukraine war.

COVID-19 is the topic where Mr. Kennedy and President Trump seem to differ the most.

Former President Donald Trump intended to “drain the swamp” when he took office in 2017, but he was “intimidated by bureaucrats” at federal agencies and did not accomplish that objective, Mr. Kennedy said on Feb. 5.

Speaking at a voter rally in Tucson, where he collected signatures to get on the Arizona ballot, the independent presidential candidate said President Trump was “earnest” when he vowed to “drain the swamp,” but it was “business as usual” during his term.

John Bolton, who President Trump appointed as a national security adviser, is “the template for a swamp creature,” Mr. Kennedy said.

Scott Gottlieb, who President Trump named to run the FDA, “was Pfizer’s business partner” and eventually returned to Pfizer, Mr. Kennedy said.

Mr. Kennedy said that President Trump had more lobbyists running federal agencies than any president in U.S. history.

“You can’t reform them when you’ve got the swamp creatures running them, and I’m not going to do that. I’m going to do something different,” Mr. Kennedy said.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, President Trump “did not ask the questions that he should have,” he believes.

President Trump “knew that lockdowns were wrong” and then “agreed to lockdowns,” Mr. Kennedy said.

He also “knew that hydroxychloroquine worked, he said it,” Mr. Kennedy explained, adding that he was eventually “rolled over” by Dr. Anthony Fauci and his advisers.

President Donald Trump greets the crowd before he leaves at the Operation Warp Speed Vaccine Summit in Washington on Dec. 8, 2020. (Tasos Katopodis/Getty Images)

MaryJo Perry, a longtime advocate for vaccine choice and a Trump supporter, thinks votes will be at a premium come Election Day, particularly because the independent and third-party field is becoming more competitive.

Ms. Perry, president of Mississippi Parents for Vaccine Rights, believes advocates for medical freedom could determine who is ultimately president.

She believes that Mr. Kennedy is “pulling votes from Trump” because of the former president’s stance on the vaccines.

“People care about medical freedom. It’s an important issue here in Mississippi, and across the country,” Ms. Perry told The Epoch Times.

“Trump should admit he was wrong about Operation Warp Speed and that COVID vaccines have been dangerous. That would make a difference among people he has offended.”

President Trump won’t lose enough votes to Mr. Kennedy about Operation Warp Speed and COVID vaccines to have a significant impact on the election, Ohio Republican strategist Wes Farno told The Epoch Times.

President Trump won in Ohio by eight percentage points in both 2016 and 2020. The Ohio Republican Party endorsed President Trump for the nomination in 2024.

“The positives of a Trump presidency far outweigh the negatives,” Mr. Farno said. “People are more concerned about their wallet and the economy.

“They are asking themselves if they were better off during President Trump’s term compared to since President Biden took office. The answer to that question is obvious because many Americans are struggling to afford groceries, gas, mortgages, and rent payments.

“America needs President Trump.”

Multiple national polls back Mr. Farno’s view.

As of March 6, the RealClearPolitics average of polls indicates that President Trump has 41.8 percent support in a five-way race that includes President Biden (38.4 percent), Mr. Kennedy (12.7 percent), independent Cornel West (2.6 percent), and Green Party nominee Jill Stein (1.7 percent).

A Pew Research Center study conducted among 10,133 U.S. adults from Feb. 7 to Feb. 11 showed that Democrats and Democrat-leaning independents (42 percent) are more likely than Republicans and GOP-leaning independents (15 percent) to say they have received an updated COVID vaccine.

The poll also reported that just 28 percent of adults say they have received the updated COVID inoculation.

The peer-reviewed multinational study of more than 99 million vaccinated people that Mr. Kennedy referenced in his X post on March 7 was published in the Vaccine journal on Feb. 12.

It aimed to evaluate the risk of 13 adverse events of special interest (AESI) following COVID-19 vaccination. The AESIs spanned three categories—neurological, hematologic (blood), and cardiovascular.

The study reviewed data collected from more than 99 million vaccinated people from eight nations—Argentina, Australia, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, New Zealand, and Scotland—looking at risks up to 42 days after getting the shots.

Three vaccines—Pfizer and Moderna’s mRNA vaccines as well as AstraZeneca’s viral vector jab—were examined in the study.

Researchers found higher-than-expected cases that they deemed met the threshold to be potential safety signals for multiple AESIs, including for Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST), myocarditis, and pericarditis.

A safety signal refers to information that could suggest a potential risk or harm that may be associated with a medical product.

The study identified higher incidences of neurological, cardiovascular, and blood disorder complications than what the researchers expected.

President Trump’s role in Operation Warp Speed, and his continued praise of the COVID vaccine, remains a concern for some voters, including those who still support him.

Krista Cobb is a 40-year-old mother in western Ohio. She voted for President Trump in 2020 and said she would cast her vote for him this November, but she was stunned when she saw his response to President Biden about the COVID-19 vaccine during the State of the Union address.

I love President Trump and support his policies, but at this point, he has to know they [advisers and health officials] lied about the shot,” Ms. Cobb told The Epoch Times.

“If he continues to promote it, especially after all of the hearings they’ve had about it in Congress, the side effects, and cover-ups on Capitol Hill, at what point does he become the same as the people who have lied?” Ms. Cobb added.

“I think he should distance himself from talk about Operation Warp Speed and even admit that he was wrong—that the vaccines have not had the impact he was told they would have. If he did that, people would respect him even more.”

Tyler Durden Mon, 03/11/2024 - 17:00

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There will soon be one million seats on this popular Amtrak route

“More people are taking the train than ever before,” says Amtrak’s Executive Vice President.

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While the size of the United States makes it hard for it to compete with the inter-city train access available in places like Japan and many European countries, Amtrak trains are a very popular transportation option in certain pockets of the country — so much so that the country’s national railway company is expanding its Northeast Corridor by more than one million seats.

Related: This is what it's like to take a 19-hour train from New York to Chicago

Running from Boston all the way south to Washington, D.C., the route is one of the most popular as it passes through the most densely populated part of the country and serves as a commuter train for those who need to go between East Coast cities such as New York and Philadelphia for business.

Veronika Bondarenko captured this photo of New York’s Moynihan Train Hall. 

Veronika Bondarenko

Amtrak launches new routes, promises travelers ‘additional travel options’

Earlier this month, Amtrak announced that it was adding four additional Northeastern routes to its schedule — two more routes between New York’s Penn Station and Union Station in Washington, D.C. on the weekend, a new early-morning weekday route between New York and Philadelphia’s William H. Gray III 30th Street Station and a weekend route between Philadelphia and Boston’s South Station.

More Travel:

According to Amtrak, these additions will increase Northeast Corridor’s service by 20% on the weekdays and 10% on the weekends for a total of one million additional seats when counted by how many will ride the corridor over the year.

“More people are taking the train than ever before and we’re proud to offer our customers additional travel options when they ride with us on the Northeast Regional,” Amtrak Executive Vice President and Chief Commercial Officer Eliot Hamlisch said in a statement on the new routes. “The Northeast Regional gets you where you want to go comfortably, conveniently and sustainably as you breeze past traffic on I-95 for a more enjoyable travel experience.”

Here are some of the other Amtrak changes you can expect to see

Amtrak also said that, in the 2023 financial year, the Northeast Corridor had nearly 9.2 million riders — 8% more than it had pre-pandemic and a 29% increase from 2022. The higher demand, particularly during both off-peak hours and the time when many business travelers use to get to work, is pushing Amtrak to invest into this corridor in particular.

To reach more customers, Amtrak has also made several changes to both its routes and pricing system. In the fall of 2023, it introduced a type of new “Night Owl Fare” — if traveling during very late or very early hours, one can go between cities like New York and Philadelphia or Philadelphia and Washington. D.C. for $5 to $15.

As travel on the same routes during peak hours can reach as much as $300, this was a deliberate move to reach those who have the flexibility of time and might have otherwise preferred more affordable methods of transportation such as the bus. After seeing strong uptake, Amtrak added this type of fare to more Boston routes.

The largest distances, such as the ones between Boston and New York or New York and Washington, are available at the lowest rate for $20.

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