Connect with us

Looking towards the future: Automation, training, and the middle class

Looking towards the future: Automation, training, and the middle class

Published

on

By Marcus Casey

Automation and artificial intelligence (AI) are projected to either replace or fundamentally change human effort in many occupations. Some jobs may become obsolete. But the potential gains in productivity and efficiency from these technologies will likely transform legacy industries and lead to the emergence of new industries, generating new tasks and jobs. Displaced workers and new labor market entrants alike will therefore need to invest in skills and knowledge that complement these technologies.

Even before the recent employment crisis triggered by the COVID-19 outbreaks, we saw glimpses of these future labor market concerns. In particular, the difficulty many firms face in filling vacancies has raised broader concerns that our skilled labor force is not growing fast enough to keep up with demand. Businesses often cite skill mismatches between their workforce needs and those possessed by potential workers as a principal cause for these unfilled positions. Advances in automation and artificial intelligence will likely exacerbate this problem.

In response, some large employers have moved to invest in training and upskilling programs for their employees. Notwithstanding these important private-sector developments, most firms lack the resources, infrastructure, or desire to make these investments themselves. Ignoring this issue will have long-term consequences for labor markets, firms, and worker mobility. Public policy matters here.

At a recent webinar hosted by the Future of Middle Class Initiative on Automation, Training, and the Middle Class, two papers were presented, focusing on two distinct pathways for worker training: state-subsidized workplace training programs, and community colleges. Given that most US high-school grads remain unlikely to complete a 4-year college education in the near future, community colleges and other two-year institutions can play a pivotal role in mitigating skilled worker shortages and fostering middle-class mobility. Likewise, for incumbent workers facing potential displacement, subsidies that help support and provide incentives for private-sector firms to retrain their workers may be a key factor in saving jobs and increasing worker productivity and wages. I summarize these papers below, focusing on several key findings and their implications for labor market and training public policy.

State-Subsidized Workplace Training

In “State-level Policies to Incentivize Workplace Learning: Impact of California’s Incumbent Worker Training Paper,” Marian Negoita and Annelies Goger evaluate California Employment Training Panel (ETP). The ETP uses funding from a small payroll tax to reimburse employers for the costs of approved training for their employees. Using a mixed–methods approach, Negoita and Goger summarize findings from interviews, employer surveys and a quantitative assessment, focusing on various aspects of the program. In particular, they examine how ETP investments affect employers and workers and discuss some potential improvements to the program.

Negoita and Goger report several important findings. First, they find evidence that take-up of the program between 2014-2016 was generally concentrated among medium-sized to larger firms. as shown in Figure 1 below (adapted from Figure 2 of their paper). Although the vast majority firms in California are considered small (0-50 employees), they received less than 50 percent of approved funding for retraining.

Figure 1: Large CA firms receiving most public training dollars

Large CA firms receive most public training dollars

Sources: ETP administrative data for completed contracts, 2014-2016, and State of California Employment Development Department: Size of Business Data for California, 2015 Q1. (Small businesses 0-50 employees, medium businesses 51-250 employees, large businesses >250 employees).

The authors attribute this skew in part to the administrative burden associated with applying and administering the program. In most cases, firms need to hire third-party consultants to help them through the process, making it cost prohibitive for smaller firms. Of course, smaller firms may also be less likely to need such funding if they are involved in services or are less likely to adopt new technologies and processes that require retraining. Nevertheless, given the importance of small business to the economy, efforts should be directed at ensuring that all firms have access to such support.

Second, the authors find evidence that ETP funding is associated with positive changes in company sales and employment. In main results shown in Figure 2 (from Figure 3 of their paper), ETP funding was linked to a 22 percent increase in jobs and work sites over a two-year observation period. The authors argue that ETP – funded training helped recipient firms to either create new jobs or prevent job loss and worker displacement.

Figure 2: ETP training funds boosted firm sales and jobs

ETP training funds boosted firm sales and jobs

Source: Dun & Bradstreet (2019). Note: The stars denote statistical significance at the 95% level.

Third, ETP funds had their strongest impact among companies that were more than 10 years old; these firms had been active long enough to have established internal infrastructure and pathways for learning.

Fourth, the impacts of ETP were also strong among small or midsized businesses with between 19 and 100 employees (though as shown above, these firms were less likely to have received the funding). Importantly, small businesses were likely to invest the least in training overall, underlining the for a more equitable distribution.

Together these findings suggest that state-level programs that incentivize employers to retrain and upskill their existing workforces are a promising tool for addressing skills gaps and mitigating the likelihood of large layoff events. Likewise, providing such resources to firm may reduce the incidence of these persistent mismatch, helping firms to close vacancies faster, reducing productivity loss and promoting firm growth. These programs also provide a natural pathway for potential federal support for workplace retraining and upskilling programs.

Community Colleges and Training

In “Community College Program Choices in the Wake of Local Job Losses,” Miami University economist Riley Acton uses administrative data on the education choices of recent high school graduates in Michigan to study how labor market conditions influence students’ community college program decisions. Specifically, Acton matches programs offered at local community colleges to industries, based on the skills and tasks associated with typical occupations within that that industry. She then examines how local, occupation-specific job losses – that potentially alter the expected relative benefit of pursuing different programs – influence course choices.

Exploiting plausibly exogenous variation in exposure to mass layoffs and plant closings and the educational choices among high school leavers in different counties and at different times, Acton presents evidence that students respond to observed local labor market conditions by changing what they study – but not whether they enroll.

Acton’s preferred results suggest two central takeaways. First, as presented in the paper’s Table 3, reproduced below, increases in layoffs in an industry reduce the share of a high school graduates enrolling in the corresponding program at community college. So if a local hospital facility has a large layoff event, students reduce their enrollment in programs for x-ray and ultrasound technicians. This effect is sizable: each additional layoff per 10,000 working-age residents results in a nearly 1 percent decrease in the associated program’s enrollment.

Table 1: Enrollment in Response to Labor Market Disruption

Layoff Category Mean (1) S.D. (2) Min. (3) Max. (4)
Panel A. Layoffs per 10,000 Working-Age Residents
Non-CC Low Skill 5.250 16.395 0.000 290.3
CC Business 1.024 2.991 0.000 45.75
CC Health 0.210 2.647 0.000 88.23
CC Trades 2.080 7.134 0.000 95.56
CC STEM 0.307 0.991 0.000 14.98
CC Law Enforcement 0.518 6.302 0.000 138.9
CC Other 0.106 0.596 0.000 14.10
Non-CC High Skill 1.263 4.483 0.000 69.81
County-Year Obs. 1,411 1,411 1,411 1,411
Panel B.  Share of Total Layoffs (County-Year Pairs with Non-Zero Total Layoffs)
Non-CC Low Skill 0.512 0.155 0.142 0.909
CC Business 0.118 0.066 0.028 0.451
CC Health 0.019 0.070 0.000 0.552
CC Skilled Trades 0.173 0.120 0.000 0.648
CC STEM 0.033 0.037 0.000 0.234
CC Law Enforcement 0.020 0.0844 0.000 0.432
CC Other 0.015 0.029 0.000 0.219
Non-CC High Skill 0.114 0.075 0.000 0.510
County-Year Obs. 369 369 369 369
Notes: The sample consists of all county-year observations from 2001-2017. Layoffs in each category are estimated using local industry layoffs and national occupation-by-industry shares. See Section 4.1 for more details.

There is evidence, however, that students are substituting into the “next best” program in terms of skill requirements. Using rich data on occupational characteristics available in O*NET data provided by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Acton shows that students primarily substitute into programs that feature similar skill requirements. Figure 3 below (adapted from Figure 4 of paper), illustrates these substitution patterns. The x-axis in each sub-graph represents a measure of the dissimilarity between the skills typically required for that sector and those predominant in the academic program. (A skill distance closer to zero suggests substantial overlap in skills for the employment sector and the academic program, whereas a skill distance closer to 1 suggests that the skill set overlap is very low). Acton’s results suggest that layoffs in business or health-related occupations decrease enrollment in health programs but increase enrollment in law enforcement programs. By contrast, layoffs in STEM and skilled trade occupations lead to little change in enrollment into other programs, perhaps because there are no close substitutes.

Figure 3: Program Substitution in Response to Layoffs

Program substitution in response to layoffs

These results have several policy implications both in Michigan but at a national level. Most important, they suggest that student educational choices are malleable with respect to new and better information. Thus, as Acton argues in the paper, both community colleges and local high schools should look to provide more information on local and non-local labor market opportunities to potential students to help foster educational choices by students that better align with their geographical preferences and constraints. Of course, this also suggests that policy should facilitate better coordination between the program and curriculum choices offered by community colleges and the local private-sector needs.

Educational institutions should seek to anticipate student demand in response to these local labor market shocks. To do this effectively, however, community colleges will require more resources to ensure they can quickly expand alternative programs, particularly those with relatively higher labor market returns.

Given impending changes in the labor market, possibly accelerated by COVID-19, further exploration of these issues should be a priority. The Future of Middle Class Initiative at Brookings will continue to explore these issues in the subsequent months. Please continue to visit this space, and if you haven’t already, please sign up for our newsletter.

Sarah Nzau provided excellent research support for this paper.

Read More

Continue Reading

International

Acadia’s Nuplazid fails PhIII study due to higher-than-expected placebo effect

After years of trying to expand the market territory for Nuplazid, Acadia Pharmaceuticals might have hit a dead end, with a Phase III fail in schizophrenia…

Published

on

After years of trying to expand the market territory for Nuplazid, Acadia Pharmaceuticals might have hit a dead end, with a Phase III fail in schizophrenia due to the placebo arm performing better than expected.

Steve Davis

“We will continue to analyze these data with our scientific advisors, but we do not intend to conduct any further clinical trials with pimavanserin,” CEO Steve Davis said in a Monday press release. Acadia’s stock $ACAD dropped by 17.41% before the market opened Tuesday.

Pimavanserin, a serotonin inverse agonist and also a 5-HT2A receptor antagonist, is already in the market with the brand name Nuplazid for Parkinson’s disease psychosis. Efforts to expand into other indications such as Alzheimer’s-related psychosis and major depression have been unsuccessful, and previous trials in schizophrenia have yielded mixed data at best. Its February presentation does not list other pimavanserin studies in progress.

The Phase III ADVANCE-2 trial investigated 34 mg pimavanserin versus placebo in 454 patients who have negative symptoms of schizophrenia. The study used the negative symptom assessment-16 (NSA-16) total score as a primary endpoint and followed participants up to week 26. Study participants have control of positive symptoms due to antipsychotic therapies.

The company said that the change from baseline in this measure for the treatment arm was similar between the Phase II ADVANCE-1 study and ADVANCE-2 at -11.6 and -11.8, respectively. However, the placebo was higher in ADVANCE-2 at -11.1, when this was -8.5 in ADVANCE-1. The p-value in ADVANCE-2 was 0.4825.

In July last year, another Phase III schizophrenia trial — by Sumitomo and Otsuka — also reported negative results due to what the company noted as Covid-19 induced placebo effect.

According to Mizuho Securities analysts, ADVANCE-2 data were disappointing considering the company applied what it learned from ADVANCE-1, such as recruiting patients outside the US to alleviate a high placebo effect. The Phase III recruited participants in Argentina and Europe.

Analysts at Cowen added that the placebo effect has been a “notorious headwind” in US-based trials, which appears to “now extend” to ex-US studies. But they also noted ADVANCE-1 reported a “modest effect” from the drug anyway.

Nonetheless, pimavanserin’s safety profile in the late-stage study “was consistent with previous clinical trials,” with the drug having an adverse event rate of 30.4% versus 40.3% with placebo, the company said. Back in 2018, even with the FDA approval for Parkinson’s psychosis, there was an intense spotlight on Nuplazid’s safety profile.

Acadia previously aimed to get Nuplazid approved for Alzheimer’s-related psychosis but had many hurdles. The drug faced an adcomm in June 2022 that voted 9-3 noting that the drug is unlikely to be effective in this setting, culminating in a CRL a few months later.

As for the company’s next R&D milestones, Mizuho analysts said it won’t be anytime soon: There is the Phase III study for ACP-101 in Prader-Willi syndrome with data expected late next year and a Phase II trial for ACP-204 in Alzheimer’s disease psychosis with results anticipated in 2026.

Acadia collected $549.2 million in full-year 2023 revenues for Nuplazid, with $143.9 million in the fourth quarter.

Read More

Continue Reading

Uncategorized

Digital Currency And Gold As Speculative Warnings

Over the last few years, digital currencies and gold have become decent barometers of speculative investor appetite. Such isn’t surprising given the evolution…

Published

on

Over the last few years, digital currencies and gold have become decent barometers of speculative investor appetite. Such isn’t surprising given the evolution of the market into a “casino” following the pandemic, where retail traders have increased their speculative appetites.

“Such is unsurprising, given that retail investors often fall victim to the psychological behavior of the “fear of missing out.” The chart below shows the “dumb money index” versus the S&P 500. Once again, retail investors are very long equities relative to the institutional players ascribed to being the “smart money.””

“The difference between “smart” and “dumb money” investors shows that, more often than not, the “dumb money” invests near market tops and sells near market bottoms.”

Net Smart Dumb Money vs Market

That enthusiasm has increased sharply since last November as stocks surged in hopes that the Federal Reserve would cut interest rates. As noted by Sentiment Trader:

“Over the past 18 weeks, the straight-up rally has moved us to an interesting juncture in the Sentiment Cycle. For the past few weeks, the S&P 500 has demonstrated a high positive correlation to the ‘Enthusiasm’ part of the cycle and a highly negative correlation to the ‘Panic’ phase.”

Investor Enthusiasm

That frenzy to chase the markets, driven by the psychological bias of the “fear of missing out,” has permeated the entirety of the market. As noted in This Is Nuts:”

“Since then, the entire market has surged higher following last week’s earnings report from Nvidia (NVDA). The reason I say “this is nuts” is the assumption that all companies were going to grow earnings and revenue at Nvidia’s rate. There is little doubt about Nvidia’s earnings and revenue growth rates. However, to maintain that growth pace indefinitely, particularly at 32x price-to-sales, means others like AMD and Intel must lose market share.”

Nvidia Price To Sales

Of course, it is not just a speculative frenzy in the markets for stocks, specifically anything related to “artificial intelligence,” but that exuberance has spilled over into gold and cryptocurrencies.

Birds Of A Feather

There are a couple of ways to measure exuberance in the assets. While sentiment measures examine the broad market, technical indicators can reflect exuberance on individual asset levels. However, before we get to our charts, we need a brief explanation of statistics, specifically, standard deviation.

As I discussed in “Revisiting Bob Farrell’s 10 Investing Rules”:

“Like a rubber band that has been stretched too far – it must be relaxed in order to be stretched again. This is exactly the same for stock prices that are anchored to their moving averages. Trends that get overextended in one direction, or another, always return to their long-term average. Even during a strong uptrend or strong downtrend, prices often move back (revert) to a long-term moving average.”

The idea of “stretching the rubber band” can be measured in several ways, but I will limit our discussion this week to Standard Deviation and measuring deviation with “Bollinger Bands.”

“Standard Deviation” is defined as:

“A measure of the dispersion of a set of data from its mean. The more spread apart the data, the higher the deviation. Standard deviation is calculated as the square root of the variance.”

In plain English, this means that the further away from the average that an event occurs, the more unlikely it becomes. As shown below, out of 1000 occurrences, only three will fall outside the area of 3 standard deviations. 95.4% of the time, events will occur within two standard deviations.

Standard Deviation Chart

A second measure of “exuberance” is “relative strength.”

“In technical analysis, the relative strength index (RSI) is a momentum indicator that measures the magnitude of recent price changes to evaluate overbought or oversold conditions in the price of a stock or other asset. The RSI is displayed as an oscillator (a line graph that moves between two extremes) and can read from 0 to 100.

Traditional interpretation and usage of the RSI are that values of 70 or above indicate that a security is becoming overbought or overvalued and may be primed for a trend reversal or corrective pullback in price. An RSI reading of 30 or below indicates an oversold or undervalued condition.” – Investopedia

With those two measures, let’s look at Nvidia (NVDA), the poster child of speculative momentum trading in the markets. Nvidia trades more than 3 standard deviations above its moving average, and its RSI is 81. The last time this occurred was in July of 2023 when Nvidia consolidated and corrected prices through November.

NVDA chart vs Bollinger Bands

Interestingly, gold also trades well into 3 standard deviation territory with an RSI reading of 75. Given that gold is supposed to be a “safe haven” or “risk off” asset, it is instead getting swept up in the current market exuberance.

Gold vs Bollinger Bands

The same is seen with digital currencies. Given the recent approval of spot, Bitcoin exchange-traded funds (ETFs), the panic bid to buy Bitcoin has pushed the price well into 3 standard deviation territory with an RSI of 73.

Bitcoin vs Bollinger Bands

In other words, the stock market frenzy to “buy anything that is going up” has spread from just a handful of stocks related to artificial intelligence to gold and digital currencies.

It’s All Relative

We can see the correlation between stock market exuberance and gold and digital currency, which has risen since 2015 but accelerated following the post-pandemic, stimulus-fueled market frenzy. Since the market, gold and cryptocurrencies, or Bitcoin for our purposes, have disparate prices, we have rebased the performance to 100 in 2015.

Gold was supposed to be an inflation hedge. Yet, in 2022, gold prices fell as the market declined and inflation surged to 9%. However, as inflation has fallen and the stock market surged, so has gold. Notably, since 2015, gold and the market have moved in a more correlated pattern, which has reduced the hedging effect of gold in portfolios. In other words, during the subsequent market decline, gold will likely track stocks lower, failing to provide its “wealth preservation” status for investors.

SP500 vs Gold

The same goes for cryptocurrencies. Bitcoin is substantially more volatile than gold and tends to ebb and flow with the overall market. As sentiment surges in the S&P 500, Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies follow suit as speculative appetites increase. Unfortunately, for individuals once again piling into Bitcoin to chase rising prices, if, or when, the market corrects, the decline in cryptocurrencies will likely substantially outpace the decline in market-based equities. This is particularly the case as Wall Street can now short the spot-Bitcoin ETFs, creating additional selling pressure on Bitcoin.

SP500 vs Bitcoin

Just for added measure, here is Bitcoin versus gold.

Gold vs Bitcoin

Not A Recommendation

There are many narratives surrounding the markets, digital currency, and gold. However, in today’s market, more than in previous years, all assets are getting swept up into the investor-feeding frenzy.

Sure, this time could be different. I am only making an observation and not an investment recommendation.

However, from a portfolio management perspective, it will likely pay to remain attentive to the correlated risk between asset classes. If some event causes a reversal in bullish exuberance, cash and bonds may be the only place to hide.

The post Digital Currency And Gold As Speculative Warnings appeared first on RIA.

Read More

Continue Reading

International

Four Years Ago This Week, Freedom Was Torched

Four Years Ago This Week, Freedom Was Torched

Authored by Jeffrey Tucker via The Brownstone Institute,

"Beware the Ides of March,” Shakespeare…

Published

on

Four Years Ago This Week, Freedom Was Torched

Authored by Jeffrey Tucker via The Brownstone Institute,

"Beware the Ides of March,” Shakespeare quotes the soothsayer’s warning Julius Caesar about what turned out to be an impending assassination on March 15. The death of American liberty happened around the same time four years ago, when the orders went out from all levels of government to close all indoor and outdoor venues where people gather. 

It was not quite a law and it was never voted on by anyone. Seemingly out of nowhere, people who the public had largely ignored, the public health bureaucrats, all united to tell the executives in charge – mayors, governors, and the president – that the only way to deal with a respiratory virus was to scrap freedom and the Bill of Rights. 

And they did, not only in the US but all over the world. 

The forced closures in the US began on March 6 when the mayor of Austin, Texas, announced the shutdown of the technology and arts festival South by Southwest. Hundreds of thousands of contracts, of attendees and vendors, were instantly scrapped. The mayor said he was acting on the advice of his health experts and they in turn pointed to the CDC, which in turn pointed to the World Health Organization, which in turn pointed to member states and so on. 

There was no record of Covid in Austin, Texas, that day but they were sure they were doing their part to stop the spread. It was the first deployment of the “Zero Covid” strategy that became, for a time, official US policy, just as in China. 

It was never clear precisely who to blame or who would take responsibility, legal or otherwise. 

This Friday evening press conference in Austin was just the beginning. By the next Thursday evening, the lockdown mania reached a full crescendo. Donald Trump went on nationwide television to announce that everything was under control but that he was stopping all travel in and out of US borders, from Europe, the UK, Australia, and New Zealand. American citizens would need to return by Monday or be stuck. 

Americans abroad panicked while spending on tickets home and crowded into international airports with waits up to 8 hours standing shoulder to shoulder. It was the first clear sign: there would be no consistency in the deployment of these edicts. 

There is no historical record of any American president ever issuing global travel restrictions like this without a declaration of war. Until then, and since the age of travel began, every American had taken it for granted that he could buy a ticket and board a plane. That was no longer possible. Very quickly it became even difficult to travel state to state, as most states eventually implemented a two-week quarantine rule. 

The next day, Friday March 13, Broadway closed and New York City began to empty out as any residents who could went to summer homes or out of state. 

On that day, the Trump administration declared the national emergency by invoking the Stafford Act which triggers new powers and resources to the Federal Emergency Management Administration. 

In addition, the Department of Health and Human Services issued a classified document, only to be released to the public months later. The document initiated the lockdowns. It still does not exist on any government website.

The White House Coronavirus Response Task Force, led by the Vice President, will coordinate a whole-of-government approach, including governors, state and local officials, and members of Congress, to develop the best options for the safety, well-being, and health of the American people. HHS is the LFA [Lead Federal Agency] for coordinating the federal response to COVID-19.

Closures were guaranteed:

Recommend significantly limiting public gatherings and cancellation of almost all sporting events, performances, and public and private meetings that cannot be convened by phone. Consider school closures. Issue widespread ‘stay at home’ directives for public and private organizations, with nearly 100% telework for some, although critical public services and infrastructure may need to retain skeleton crews. Law enforcement could shift to focus more on crime prevention, as routine monitoring of storefronts could be important.

In this vision of turnkey totalitarian control of society, the vaccine was pre-approved: “Partner with pharmaceutical industry to produce anti-virals and vaccine.”

The National Security Council was put in charge of policy making. The CDC was just the marketing operation. That’s why it felt like martial law. Without using those words, that’s what was being declared. It even urged information management, with censorship strongly implied.

The timing here is fascinating. This document came out on a Friday. But according to every autobiographical account – from Mike Pence and Scott Gottlieb to Deborah Birx and Jared Kushner – the gathered team did not meet with Trump himself until the weekend of the 14th and 15th, Saturday and Sunday. 

According to their account, this was his first real encounter with the urge that he lock down the whole country. He reluctantly agreed to 15 days to flatten the curve. He announced this on Monday the 16th with the famous line: “All public and private venues where people gather should be closed.”

This makes no sense. The decision had already been made and all enabling documents were already in circulation. 

There are only two possibilities. 

One: the Department of Homeland Security issued this March 13 HHS document without Trump’s knowledge or authority. That seems unlikely. 

Two: Kushner, Birx, Pence, and Gottlieb are lying. They decided on a story and they are sticking to it. 

Trump himself has never explained the timeline or precisely when he decided to greenlight the lockdowns. To this day, he avoids the issue beyond his constant claim that he doesn’t get enough credit for his handling of the pandemic.

With Nixon, the famous question was always what did he know and when did he know it? When it comes to Trump and insofar as concerns Covid lockdowns – unlike the fake allegations of collusion with Russia – we have no investigations. To this day, no one in the corporate media seems even slightly interested in why, how, or when human rights got abolished by bureaucratic edict. 

As part of the lockdowns, the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, which was and is part of the Department of Homeland Security, as set up in 2018, broke the entire American labor force into essential and nonessential.

They also set up and enforced censorship protocols, which is why it seemed like so few objected. In addition, CISA was tasked with overseeing mail-in ballots. 

Only 8 days into the 15, Trump announced that he wanted to open the country by Easter, which was on April 12. His announcement on March 24 was treated as outrageous and irresponsible by the national press but keep in mind: Easter would already take us beyond the initial two-week lockdown. What seemed to be an opening was an extension of closing. 

This announcement by Trump encouraged Birx and Fauci to ask for an additional 30 days of lockdown, which Trump granted. Even on April 23, Trump told Georgia and Florida, which had made noises about reopening, that “It’s too soon.” He publicly fought with the governor of Georgia, who was first to open his state. 

Before the 15 days was over, Congress passed and the president signed the 880-page CARES Act, which authorized the distribution of $2 trillion to states, businesses, and individuals, thus guaranteeing that lockdowns would continue for the duration. 

There was never a stated exit plan beyond Birx’s public statements that she wanted zero cases of Covid in the country. That was never going to happen. It is very likely that the virus had already been circulating in the US and Canada from October 2019. A famous seroprevalence study by Jay Bhattacharya came out in May 2020 discerning that infections and immunity were already widespread in the California county they examined. 

What that implied was two crucial points: there was zero hope for the Zero Covid mission and this pandemic would end as they all did, through endemicity via exposure, not from a vaccine as such. That was certainly not the message that was being broadcast from Washington. The growing sense at the time was that we all had to sit tight and just wait for the inoculation on which pharmaceutical companies were working. 

By summer 2020, you recall what happened. A restless generation of kids fed up with this stay-at-home nonsense seized on the opportunity to protest racial injustice in the killing of George Floyd. Public health officials approved of these gatherings – unlike protests against lockdowns – on grounds that racism was a virus even more serious than Covid. Some of these protests got out of hand and became violent and destructive. 

Meanwhile, substance abuse rage – the liquor and weed stores never closed – and immune systems were being degraded by lack of normal exposure, exactly as the Bakersfield doctors had predicted. Millions of small businesses had closed. The learning losses from school closures were mounting, as it turned out that Zoom school was near worthless. 

It was about this time that Trump seemed to figure out – thanks to the wise council of Dr. Scott Atlas – that he had been played and started urging states to reopen. But it was strange: he seemed to be less in the position of being a president in charge and more of a public pundit, Tweeting out his wishes until his account was banned. He was unable to put the worms back in the can that he had approved opening. 

By that time, and by all accounts, Trump was convinced that the whole effort was a mistake, that he had been trolled into wrecking the country he promised to make great. It was too late. Mail-in ballots had been widely approved, the country was in shambles, the media and public health bureaucrats were ruling the airwaves, and his final months of the campaign failed even to come to grips with the reality on the ground. 

At the time, many people had predicted that once Biden took office and the vaccine was released, Covid would be declared to have been beaten. But that didn’t happen and mainly for one reason: resistance to the vaccine was more intense than anyone had predicted. The Biden administration attempted to impose mandates on the entire US workforce. Thanks to a Supreme Court ruling, that effort was thwarted but not before HR departments around the country had already implemented them. 

As the months rolled on – and four major cities closed all public accommodations to the unvaccinated, who were being demonized for prolonging the pandemic – it became clear that the vaccine could not and would not stop infection or transmission, which means that this shot could not be classified as a public health benefit. Even as a private benefit, the evidence was mixed. Any protection it provided was short-lived and reports of vaccine injury began to mount. Even now, we cannot gain full clarity on the scale of the problem because essential data and documentation remains classified. 

After four years, we find ourselves in a strange position. We still do not know precisely what unfolded in mid-March 2020: who made what decisions, when, and why. There has been no serious attempt at any high level to provide a clear accounting much less assign blame. 

Not even Tucker Carlson, who reportedly played a crucial role in getting Trump to panic over the virus, will tell us the source of his own information or what his source told him. There have been a series of valuable hearings in the House and Senate but they have received little to no press attention, and none have focus on the lockdown orders themselves. 

The prevailing attitude in public life is just to forget the whole thing. And yet we live now in a country very different from the one we inhabited five years ago. Our media is captured. Social media is widely censored in violation of the First Amendment, a problem being taken up by the Supreme Court this month with no certainty of the outcome. The administrative state that seized control has not given up power. Crime has been normalized. Art and music institutions are on the rocks. Public trust in all official institutions is at rock bottom. We don’t even know if we can trust the elections anymore. 

In the early days of lockdown, Henry Kissinger warned that if the mitigation plan does not go well, the world will find itself set “on fire.” He died in 2023. Meanwhile, the world is indeed on fire. The essential struggle in every country on earth today concerns the battle between the authority and power of permanent administration apparatus of the state – the very one that took total control in lockdowns – and the enlightenment ideal of a government that is responsible to the will of the people and the moral demand for freedom and rights. 

How this struggle turns out is the essential story of our times. 

CODA: I’m embedding a copy of PanCAP Adapted, as annotated by Debbie Lerman. You might need to download the whole thing to see the annotations. If you can help with research, please do.

*  *  *

Jeffrey Tucker is the author of the excellent new book 'Life After Lock-Down'

Tyler Durden Mon, 03/11/2024 - 23:40

Read More

Continue Reading

Trending