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Sights set on mainstream adoption: Is another DeFi summer on the way?

Last summer, DeFi took the world of financial services by storm, but the question is: Will history repeat itself?
Over the last year, decentralized finance has been the hottest topic of discussion in the crypto world, pushing the entir

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Last summer, DeFi took the world of financial services by storm, but the question is: Will history repeat itself?

Over the last year, decentralized finance has been the hottest topic of discussion in the crypto world, pushing the entire industry to new heights, developing innovative applications for the technology, and making financial services more accessible. 

It intends to place economic infrastructure back in the hands of the people, and just like how TCP/IP facilitated the growth of so many enterprises on the internet, decentralized finance is bringing business onto the blockchain.

Last year, the introduction of automated market makers gave DeFi a much-needed boost. The total value locked into decentralized finance platforms sat at around $1.2 billion in June 2020 — a metric that had grown nearly a hundredfold by May 2021.

Liquidity mining fuelled the sudden surge in DeFi usage around the world last year, giving people access to additional tokens beyond the standard interest rewards. The game-changer, however, was how these platforms allowed users to farm their respective tokens to partake in its governance systems.

Though 2020 was a fine year for DeFi by the numbers, the true extent of the chaos that ensued last summer is known only to people who were there to see it. However, the DeFi space has made considerable advancements since then, tackling all kinds of problems from technical limitations to better incentive models.

Amid collapsing national economies, a global pandemic and Bitcoin wrestling to push past the $10,000 mark, DeFi certainly made history last year — but will history repeat itself? Can the DeFi sector master up another parabolic surge one year after breaking into the mainstream not just for crypto users but into the global financial sector?

500 days of summer?

The biggest competitor to the decentralized finance industry is the very financial ecosystem that is in place today. Traditional, centralized finance has existed for centuries, having evolved across years of trial, error and modifications. While it’s a flawed system as far as Bitcoin is concerned, it’s not only better integrated into modern society than any blockchain-based service today but it’s also the most popular way people put their money to work.

DeFi allows for everything centralized finance offers and more, but there are still many challenges it needs to overcome. For one, most decentralized applications run on the Ethereum network, where network congestion has pushed gas fees to near-unaffordable levels. DeFi could potentially cater to millions, if not billions, of users, yet today, fewer than 350,000 wallets interact with Ethereum daily.

Decentralized finance may not be ready for mainstream adoption just yet, but it certainly has traditional financial services struggling to compete. However, some believe DeFi isn’t competing with them at all. Sergej Kunz, co-founder of the 1inch Network DeFi platform, told Cointelegraph:

“I’m pretty sure that DeFi should not be considered to be a rival for traditional financial services. DeFi is just a logical continuation of fintech development. I see banks and fintech companies becoming convenient gateways to the new financial world of DeFi.”

Though the blockchain space mainly comprises developers, enthusiasts and retail investors, decentralized finance is slowly bringing much bigger players to the game. Institutional investors want a piece of the cryptocurrency pie, and DeFi is turning out to be a popular flavor.

Most DeFi lending platforms advertise yield interest rates of between 8% and 70%, but with how quickly the ecosystem is growing, these astronomical rates might not be around for too much longer. It is likely that the more investors start making use of the product, the lower the interest rates may fall.

Though at present, Ethereum hoards most of the attention DeFi brings, and other projects aren’t waiting around for its congestion problem to be solved. Blockchain interoperability is gradually becoming a reality, eradicating the siloed decentralized ecosystems of today, bringing more composability to the space, and enabling better allocation of development resources. In fact, Bette Chen, co-founder of the Acala Network on Polkadot, told Cointelegraph: “From a technological perspective, multi-chain is inevitable.”

The Substrate-based Polkadot platform has enabled decentralized applications to interact with applications on other distributed networks and continues to attract projects with its significantly more accessible development ecosystem. “Metaprotocols like Polkadot will be instrumental in the development and proliferation of the decentralized web, which will then empower high throughput, forkless upgradable chains and DeFi applications,” she added.

Another significant hurdle for DeFi is regulatory clarity. Most active cryptocurrency markets have been slapped with stringent Know Your Customer and Anti-Money Laundering policies, and while this is an excellent step forward on blockchain technology’s journey to mainstream adoption, regulatory uncertainty in DeFi could impede its advancement in the short term.

DeFi isn’t going to become a fully regulated space overnight, and perhaps it never will be since it may take effort on an industrial scale to create, update and maintain a robust regulatory framework for decentralized finance, but with a $70-billion market at stake, there’s a lot of incentive to do so.

In 2020 alone, DeFi’s total value locked metric grew by an impressive 2,000%, and similar growth this year would peg DeFi as a $300-billion ecosystem by December. Today, the TVL figure is almost a third of the way there, and while it might be challenging for the space to undergo such exponential growth again this season, it’s not entirely impossible. Since $300 billion is less than a sixth of the current total cryptocurrency market capitalization, it could be argued that DeFi is certainly more important to blockchain than that fraction.

Though TVL isn’t exactly a comparable metric to market capitalization, DeFi is on its way to becoming a much more mature arena. With major players like Nexus Mutual and CDx making moves in the DeFi insurance space, tech giants Facebook and PayPal entering the realm of blockchain, and expert developers continually producing groundbreaking applications, growth on a similar scale to last year isn’t entirely out of the question.

DeFi-ing expectations

DeFi has experienced unprecedented growth in the last couple of years, driving a more participating economy and accelerating the modern digital revolution. The challenges it has to overcome are by no means undemanding. From rudimentary interoperability features and capital inefficiency to low liquidity and unintuitive interfaces, DeFi has its work cut out for it in the years to come.

Blockchain technology is already incredibly complex, and adding the technical complications of DeFi platforms to the mix could be the biggest obstacle in its way. It is still hard to figure out how to use all the products on offer, but at the very least, there is only one way things can go from here — develop.

The average investor isn’t going to know how MetaMask works or how to use it, and until the industry begins producing more convenient, intuitive ways to interact with the ecosystem, mainstream adoption will remain out of reach. Though Ethereum 2.0 is expected to merge the chains later this year, or at the start of 2022, to create a more scalable version of the network with sharding, people are already finding ways around the problem.

Related: DeFi bucks crypto market correction as Uniswap v3 leads the charge

Zhivko Todorov, DeFi ecosystem lead at LimeChain — a company that provides innovative distributed ledger technology solutions for enterprises and startups — told Cointelegraph, “High gas fees are a barrier to entry for retail users. However, we’re at a pivotal point where layer-two solutions are launching and picking up traction, which would drastically lower gas fees.” However, congestion on Ethereum isn’t just increasing the network’s gas fees; it’s alienating a significant chunk of traders.

“Blockchain’s throughput is hindering the influx of HFT [high frequency traders] traders to this sector,” said Grigory Rybalchenko, co-founder and CEO of EmiSwap exchange, in a conversation with Cointelegraph, adding, “High-frequency traders account for the most volume on traditional centralized exchanges, and high fees are unlikely to push them to migrate to DEXs anytime soon.”

The total market capitalization of digital assets briefly crossed the $2-trillion mark this year. However, the crypto market is still tiny compared to the global stock market, which currently represents around $80 trillion worldwide. That being said, decentralized finance has accomplished so much in the space of just a few years, and as long as this pace of innovation continues, there could well be another DeFi summer as projects may start to capitalize on all the hard work done over the past year.

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Shipping company files surprise Chapter 7 bankruptcy, liquidation

While demand for trucking has increased, so have costs and competition, which have forced a number of players to close.

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The U.S. economy is built on trucks.

As a nation we have relatively limited train assets, and while in recent years planes have played an expanded role in moving goods, trucks still represent the backbone of how everything — food, gasoline, commodities, and pretty much anything else — moves around the country.

Related: Fast-food chain closes more stores after Chapter 11 bankruptcy

"Trucks moved 61.1% of the tonnage and 64.9% of the value of these shipments. The average shipment by truck was 63 miles compared to an average of 640 miles by rail," according to the U.S. Bureau of Transportation Statistics 2023 numbers.

But running a trucking company has been tricky because the largest players have economies of scale that smaller operators don't. That puts any trucking company that's not a massive player very sensitive to increases in gas prices or drops in freight rates.

And that in turn has led a number of trucking companies, including Yellow Freight, the third-largest less-than-truckload operator; J.J. & Sons Logistics, Meadow Lark, and Boateng Logistics, to close while freight brokerage Convoy shut down in October.

Aside from Convoy, none of these brands are household names. but with the demand for trucking increasing, every company that goes out of business puts more pressure on those that remain, which contributes to increased prices.

Demand for trucking has continued to increase.

Image source: Shutterstock

Another freight company closes and plans to liquidate

Not every bankruptcy filing explains why a company has gone out of business. In the trucking industry, multiple recent Chapter 7 bankruptcies have been tied to lawsuits that pushed otherwise successful companies into insolvency.

In the case of TBL Logistics, a Virginia-based national freight company, its Feb. 29 bankruptcy filing in U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Western District of Virginia appears to be death by too much debt.

"In its filing, TBL Logistics listed its assets and liabilities as between $1 million and $10 million. The company stated that it has up to 49 creditors and maintains that no funds will be available for unsecured creditors once it pays administrative fees," Freightwaves reported.

The company's owners, Christopher and Melinda Bradner, did not respond to the website's request for comment.

Before it closed, TBL Logistics specialized in refrigerated and oversized loads. The company described its business on its website.

"TBL Logistics is a non-asset-based third-party logistics freight broker company providing reliable and efficient transportation solutions, management, and storage for businesses of all sizes. With our extensive network of carriers and industry expertise, we streamline the shipping process, ensuring your goods reach their destination safely and on time."

The world has a truck-driver shortage

The covid pandemic forced companies to consider their supply chain in ways they never had to before. Increased demand showed the weakness in the trucking industry and drew attention to how difficult life for truck drivers can be.

That was an issue HBO's John Oliver highlighted on his "Last Week Tonight" show in October 2022. In the episode, the host suggested that the U.S. would basically start to starve if the trucking industry shut down for three days.

"Sorry, three days, every produce department in America would go from a fully stocked market to an all-you-can-eat raccoon buffet," he said. "So it’s no wonder trucking’s a huge industry, with more than 3.5 million people in America working as drivers, from port truckers who bring goods off ships to railyards and warehouses, to long-haul truckers who move them across the country, to 'last-mile' drivers, who take care of local delivery." 

The show highlighted how many truck drivers face low pay, difficult working conditions and, in many cases, crushing debt.

"Hundreds of thousands of people become truck drivers every year. But hundreds of thousands also quit. Job turnover for truckers averages over 100%, and at some companies it’s as high as 300%, meaning they’re hiring three people for a single job over the course of a year. And when a field this important has a level of job satisfaction that low, it sure seems like there’s a huge problem," Oliver shared.

The truck-driver shortage is not just a U.S. problem; it's a global issue, according to IRU.org.

"IRU’s 2023 driver shortage report has found that over three million truck driver jobs are unfilled, or 7% of total positions, in 36 countries studied," the global transportation trade association reported. 

"With the huge gap between young and old drivers growing, it will get much worse over the next five years without significant action."

Related: Veteran fund manager picks favorite stocks for 2024

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Wendy’s has a new deal for daylight savings time haters

The Daylight Savings Time promotion slashes prices on breakfast.

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Daylight Savings Time, or the practice of advancing clocks an hour in the spring to maximize natural daylight, is a controversial practice because of the way it leaves many feeling off-sync and tired on the second Sunday in March when the change is made and one has one less hour to sleep in.

Despite annual "Abolish Daylight Savings Time" think pieces and online arguments that crop up with unwavering regularity, Daylight Savings in North America begins on March 10 this year.

Related: Coca-Cola has a new soda for Diet Coke fans

Tapping into some people's very vocal dislike of Daylight Savings Time, fast-food chain Wendy's  (WEN)  is launching a daylight savings promotion that is jokingly designed to make losing an hour of sleep less painful and encourage fans to order breakfast anyway.

Wendy's has recently made a big push to expand its breakfast menu.

Image source: Wendy's.

Promotion wants you to compensate for lost sleep with cheaper breakfast

As it is also meant to drive traffic to the Wendy's app, the promotion allows anyone who makes a purchase of $3 or more through the platform to get a free hot coffee, cold coffee or Frosty Cream Cold Brew.

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Available during the Wendy's breakfast hours of 6 a.m. and 10:30 a.m. (which, naturally, will feel even earlier due to Daylight Savings), the deal also allows customers to buy any of its breakfast sandwiches for $3. Items like the Sausage, Egg and Cheese Biscuit, Breakfast Baconator and Maple Bacon Chicken Croissant normally range in price between $4.50 and $7.

The choice of the latter is quite wide since, in the years following the pandemic, Wendy's has made a concerted effort to expand its breakfast menu with a range of new sandwiches with egg in them and sweet items such as the French Toast Sticks. The goal was both to stand out from competitors with a wider breakfast menu and increase traffic to its stores during early-morning hours.

Wendy's deal comes after controversy over 'dynamic pricing'

But last month, the chain known for the square shape of its burger patties ignited controversy after saying that it wanted to introduce "dynamic pricing" in which the cost of many of the items on its menu will vary depending on the time of day. In an earnings call, chief executive Kirk Tanner said that electronic billboards would allow restaurants to display various deals and promotions during slower times in the early morning and late at night.

Outcry was swift and Wendy's ended up walking back its plans with words that they were "misconstrued" as an intent to surge prices during its most popular periods.

While the company issued a statement saying that any changes were meant as "discounts and value offers" during quiet periods rather than raised prices during busy ones, the reputational damage was already done since many saw the clarification as another way to obfuscate its pricing model.

"We said these menuboards would give us more flexibility to change the display of featured items," Wendy's said in its statement. "This was misconstrued in some media reports as an intent to raise prices when demand is highest at our restaurants."

The Daylight Savings Time promotion, in turn, is also a way to demonstrate the kinds of deals Wendy's wants to promote in its stores without putting up full-sized advertising or posters for what is only relevant for a few days.

Related: Veteran fund manager picks favorite stocks for 2024

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United Airlines adds new flights to faraway destinations

The airline said that it has been working hard to "find hidden gem destinations."

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Since countries started opening up after the pandemic in 2021 and 2022, airlines have been seeing demand soar not just for major global cities and popular routes but also for farther-away destinations.

Numerous reports, including a recent TripAdvisor survey of trending destinations, showed that there has been a rise in U.S. traveler interest in Asian countries such as Japan, South Korea and Vietnam as well as growing tourism traction in off-the-beaten-path European countries such as Slovenia, Estonia and Montenegro.

Related: 'No more flying for you': Travel agency sounds alarm over risk of 'carbon passports'

As a result, airlines have been looking at their networks to include more faraway destinations as well as smaller cities that are growing increasingly popular with tourists and may not be served by their competitors.

The Philippines has been popular among tourists in recent years.

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United brings back more routes, says it is committed to 'finding hidden gems'

This week, United Airlines  (UAL)  announced that it will be launching a new route from Newark Liberty International Airport (EWR) to Morocco's Marrakesh. While it is only the country's fourth-largest city, Marrakesh is a particularly popular place for tourists to seek out the sights and experiences that many associate with the country — colorful souks, gardens with ornate architecture and mosques from the Moorish period.

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"We have consistently been ahead of the curve in finding hidden gem destinations for our customers to explore and remain committed to providing the most unique slate of travel options for their adventures abroad," United's SVP of Global Network Planning Patrick Quayle, said in a press statement.

The new route will launch on Oct. 24 and take place three times a week on a Boeing 767-300ER  (BA)  plane that is equipped with 46 Polaris business class and 22 Premium Plus seats. The plane choice was a way to reach a luxury customer customer looking to start their holiday in Marrakesh in the plane.

Along with the new Morocco route, United is also launching a flight between Houston (IAH) and Colombia's Medellín on Oct. 27 as well as a route between Tokyo and Cebu in the Philippines on July 31 — the latter is known as a "fifth freedom" flight in which the airline flies to the larger hub from the mainland U.S. and then goes on to smaller Asian city popular with tourists after some travelers get off (and others get on) in Tokyo.

United's network expansion includes new 'fifth freedom' flight

In the fall of 2023, United became the first U.S. airline to fly to the Philippines with a new Manila-San Francisco flight. It has expanded its service to Asia from different U.S. cities earlier last year. Cebu has been on its radar amid growing tourist interest in the region known for marine parks, rainforests and Spanish-style architecture.

With the summer coming up, United also announced that it plans to run its current flights to Hong Kong, Seoul, and Portugal's Porto more frequently at different points of the week and reach four weekly flights between Los Angeles and Shanghai by August 29.

"This is your normal, exciting network planning team back in action," Quayle told travel website The Points Guy of the airline's plans for the new routes.

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