Uncategorized
Futures Rise Boosted By Solid Tesla Earnings, Chevron’s Giant Buyback
Futures Rise Boosted By Solid Tesla Earnings, Chevron’s Giant Buyback
In a mirror image of Tuesday’s action, when MSFT earnings hammered stocks…

In a mirror image of Tuesday's action, when MSFT earnings hammered stocks (after first headfaking them higher) only to see the selloff reverse completely during the course of Wednesday trading, on Thursday US equity futures and tech stocks were set to gain after an upbeat earnings report from Tesla reinforced optimism about the health of Corporate America. As of 7:30am, Nasdaq 100 futures were up 0.7% while S&P 500 futures rose 0.3%. Tesla jumped about 8% in premarket trading after the electric-car maker reported better-than-expected profit and said it was on track to deliver about 1.8 million vehicles this year. Risk sentiment was boosted by news that US energy giant Chevron had authorized a massive $75 billion stock buyback, representing 22% of its outstanding shares, helping elevate energy stocks around the globe. Asia stocks jumped to 9-month highs as Hong Kong returned from break and European stocks rose by 0.4%. Meanwhile, the dollar continued to weaken as speculation continued to mount that the Fed is drawing closer to the end of its rate-hiking cycle, and would follow in the footsteps of first Canada and then Indonesia, both of which have officially paused. Bonds and gold edged lower.
In premarket trading, all eyes were on Tesla which rose 7.3% after the electric-car maker reported better-than-expected profits and said it was on track to deliver about 1.8 million vehicles this year. Analysts noted that the EV market leader’s output target looks conservative as new factories in Berlin and Austin are set to add more capacity this year. Among peers: Rivian (RIVN US) +3.5%, Lucid (LCID US) +3.4%, Nikola (NKLA US) +1.9%, Nio (NIO US) +4.9%, Xpeng (XPEV US) +5.1%, Li Auto (LI US) +5%. Bank stocks traded higher in premarket trading Thursday, putting them on track to gain for a second straight day. In corporate news, a New York Stock Exchange employee failed to properly shut down a disaster-recovery system, leading to Tuesday’s chaotic opening session. Meanwhile, Cboe Global Markets wants to list more tokens on its crypto exchange, as established firms from traditional finance seek to capitalize on demand for reliable counterparties following the collapse of FTX. Here are some other notable premarket movers:
- Chevron (CVX US) gains 2.5% after it announced plans to buy back $75 billion of shares and increase dividend payouts after a year of record profits that evoked angry denunciations from politicians around the world as soaring energy prices squeezed consumers.
- Pfizer (PFE US) drops 1.8% in premarket trading as UBS downgrades the stock to neutral, saying estimates for the pharma giant’s Covid-19 franchise still look too high.
- IBM (IBM US) shares slip 2% after the tech infrastructure and IT services company’s free cash flow for 4Q fell short of estimates, which Morgan Stanley analysts say was a “significant blemish” in the quarter. That overshadowed IBM’s estimate-beating revenue and profit for the fourth- quarter.
- BuzzFeed (BZFD US) shares were indicated up about 35% following a Wall Street Journal report that the company reached a content creation deal with Meta. The deal was agreed last year and is worth nearly $10 million, WSJ cites people familiar with the matter as saying.
- Seagate (STX US) shares rise 7.6% as its quarterly update was better than expected and the computer- hardware firm’s guidance underpins a positive view on the stock, analysts say.
- Teradyne (TER US) falls 3% after its 1Q earnings forecast missed the average analyst expectation, on lower demand for semiconductors and storage tests. Fourth-quarter earnings beat analysts’ estimates.
- Las Vegas Sands (LVS US) shares gain 2.1% as analysts raise their price targets on the stock. They said better-than-expected results despite travel restrictions boded well for a recovery.
US stocks have kicked off 2023 with a rally that has set the S&P 500 on course for its best January since 2019, as investors bet that the Federal Reserve will slow the pace of rate hikes in time to avert a recession. Deutsche Bank AG strategists said this week they expect further gains in the first quarter as an economic contraction is “running late.”
Commenting on yesterday's dramatic market reversal, Goldman trader John Flood writes that "when the market/stocks dont go down on bad news (MSFT guide) typically a bullish signal. I think we learned a lot from this price action today: this mkt is more resilient than most of us are giving it credit for (be very thoughtful/selective with your short positions as squeezes will be common this Q). Worth noting CVX raised the dividend by 6% and authorized a monster $75B buyback...energy complex will outperform on this tomorrow. Reminder buyback blackout period ends post close this Friday."
Today all eyes will be on US GDP figures due later today, with economists expecting the data to show a slowdown in growth at the end of the year. Focus has also been on the fourth-quarter earnings season for signs of how companies plan to navigate slowing demand and elevated inflation. Analysts are projecting the first quarterly decline in US profits since 2020, but some market strategists have warned profit margin estimates for 2023 are still too high.
“Earnings have not been great but they are not disastrous either,’ said Rupert Thompson, chief economist at asset manager Kingswood Holdings Ltd. “Institutional investors have been short equities so you are seeing some of those positions being covered.” Thompson sees the January stock surge as overdone, given recession risks ahead, but did not discount further short-term gains because “if you do get a 5% pullback, people who missed the rally may think ‘shall we just bite the bullet now rather than wait for another 5% fall?”
"Sentiment remains fixated on the path of inflation, and where the Fed will go with interest-rate policy,” said Susannah Streeter, senior investment and markets analyst at Hargreaves Lansdown. Today’s economic data will be crucial to see “whether demand is being squeezed out of the economy and whether more storm clouds are gathering on the horizon,” she said.
Soft-landing bets for the US economy and expectations the Federal Reserve is nearing the end of its rate-hiking cycle have lifted stock markets and put the dollar on course for its worst monthly performance since last May. On Thursday, it held around flat against its Group-of-10 peers as investors awaited economic growth and jobs data as well as a core price index that could determine the Fed’s policy path.
In Europe, the Stoxx 600 was higher by 0.5% with outperformance in the tech sector after Nokia and STMicroelectronics posted better-than-expected numbers. Results from telecoms group Nokia Oyj and chipmaker STMicroelectronics NV were applauded by investors, helping to lift the Stoxx 600 index by half a percent. Here are some of the biggest European movers on Wednesday:
- Sabadell shares soar as much as 10% after the Spanish lender reported 4Q net profit that beat estimates and gave above- consensus estimates guidance
- Sartorius AG rises as much as 8.3% after the laboratory equipment firm reassured the market with an update to its financial targets; its subsidiary Sartorius Stedim Biotech rises, too
- STMicro jumps as much 9.3% after the chipmaker projected first-quarter and full-year sales ahead of consensus estimates, defying a slowdown in the broader semiconductor industry
- Nokia shares gain as much as 7.2%, the biggest intraday climb since July, after the telecom equipment maker outlined full-year outlook that met expectations
- Diageo falls as much as 7.4%, weighing on peers in the alcohol and beverages sector, after the Johnnie Walker maker’s results disappointed in North America and delivered an uncertain outlook
- Volvo shares slide as much as 4.9% in early trading after the Swedish truck producer reported 4Q22 earnings that came in below consensus
- SEB falls as much as 4.8%, the most since October, after the Swedish lender reported 4Q figures that beat expectations but were of a low quality, according to Citi
- Novartis falls as much as 2.4% on being cut to neutral from buy at Citi on a more cautious outlook for the Swiss pharma group’s cholesterol drug Leqvio and prostate cancer drug Pluvicto
- SAP shares fall as much as 4.1% after it’s free cash flow outlook for 2023 missed estimates, even though the firm still projected at least a double-digit growth for operating profits
Earlier in the session, stocks in Asia Pacific rose for a fifth straight day as investors in Hong Kong returned from Lunar New Year holidays that delivered a boost to consumption. The MSCI Asia Pacific Index climbed as much as 0.8% to the highest since April 22. Hong Kong-listed stocks rallied as data on spending and tourism during the three-day break signaled a recovery in demand is gaining traction in China. The Hang Seng Index closed at its highest since March. “Stocks in Hong Kong would probably remain on the stronger side,” Chetan Seth, an Asia Pacific equity strategist at Nomura, told Bloomberg Television. “What we might see in the months ahead is improvement in activity indicators.” Benchmarks in South Korea, Indonesia and Singapore also rose as traders assessed the global economy’s prospects.
China’s reopening has triggered a rebound across Asia, with investors now looking beyond Covid infection figures to evaluate how a recovery in the region’s largest economy will impact earnings. The MSCI Asia gauge is outperforming the S&P 500 by more than four percentage points so far in 2023
Japanese stocks fell, while markets in Australia, China, India, Taiwan and Vietnam were closed. Japanese stocks closed slightly lower, erasing early gains and halting a four-day winning streak, as investors assessed prospects for corporate earnings and the global economy. The Topix fell 0.1% to close at 1,978.40, while the Nikkei declined 0.1% to 27,362.75. Sony contributed the most to the Topix decline, decreasing 1.3%. Out of 2,161 stocks in the index, 893 rose and 1,116 fell, while 152 were unchanged. “There is a continued wait-and-see mood as there are two important indicators, the FOMC meeting and ISM employment reports coming up next week,” said Shogo Maekawa a global market strategist at JP Morgan Asset Management
In FX, the Bloomberg Dollar Index swung between moderate gains and losses. The Norwegian krone and Australian dollar led gains, while Sweden’s krona lagged. The euro retreated after six days of gains versus the greenback, though it is likely to enjoy continued monetary policy support, as several European Central Bank rate-setters spoke in favor of further hefty policy-tightening over coming months. Traders are likely to parse reports on US economic growth, initial jobless claims and a core price index due Thursday to gauge if the Fed will opt for a smaller rate hike on Feb. 1. Recent commentary from some central bank officials has backed the case for a quarter point increase
In rates, treasuries were lower after following gilts and, to a lesser extent, bunds during European morning. US yields cheaper by up to 4bp across long-end of the curve which leads losses on the day; 10-year yields back up to around 3.48% with gilts underperforming by additional 2bp in the sector and bunds trading broadly in line. UK and German 10-year yields rise by 4bps and 2bps respectively. A raft of US economic data is set to be released, and auction cycle concludes with 7-year notes following strong demand for 5- and 2-year sales. $35b 7-year notes at 1pm New York time is final coupon auction of the November-to-February financing quarter; all previous coupon auctions during January have stopped through. The WI 7-year around 3.525% is ~40bp richer than January’s stop-out and below auction stops since August.
Saira Malik, chief investment officer of Nuveen, said earnings risk in a consumer-led slowdown will act as a headwind to equities, with a shift into bonds underscoring the fragile sentiment. “You can start to increase your duration in fixed-income and get strong total returns in it without a lot of these heavy macro risks that are going to hit equities,” Malik said in an interview with Bloomberg TV. “Equities considering their valuation are less attractive.”
Elsewhere, oil prices rose for a second day, lifted by expectations of demand recovery in China. Crude future advance with WTI gaining 0.9% to trade near $80.90. Spot gold falls roughly 0.5% to trade near $1,937/oz.
Bitcoin fell more than 2%, reversing much of Wednesday’s gain.
Looking to the busy day ahead now, data releases from the US include the advance estimate of Q4 GDP, preliminary durable goods orders for December, new home sales for December and the weekly initial jobless claims. Otherwise, earnings releases include Visa, Mastercard, Intel, American Airlines and Comcast.
Market Snapshot
- S&P 500 futures up 0.2% to 4,038.75
- MXAP up 0.6% to 170.22
- MXAPJ up 1.1% to 558.68
- Nikkei down 0.1% to 27,362.75
- Topix down 0.1% to 1,978.40
- Hang Seng Index up 2.4% to 22,566.78
- Shanghai Composite up 0.8% to 3,264.81
- Sensex down 1.3% to 60,205.06
- Australia S&P/ASX 200 down 0.3% to 7,468.30
- Kospi up 1.7% to 2,468.65
- STOXX Europe 600 up 0.5% to 454.33
- German 10Y yield little changed at 2.19%
- Euro down 0.1% to $1.0900
- Brent Futures up 0.4% to $86.50/bbl
- Gold spot down 0.5% to $1,937.17
- U.S. Dollar Index up 0.17% to 101.81
Top Overnight Stories
- BOJ members were divided over whether the 2% inflation goal could be sustainably achieved and felt the extreme level of accommodation should be sustained. Also, The IMF suggested that the BOJ could allow more flexibility in 10-year bond yields, a move that would involve policy changes for the central bank. RTRS / Nikkei
- China’s most scenic destinations have been inundated during the Spring Festival holiday, as Beijing’s shift away from Covid Zero spurred a travel frenzy despite the country’s ongoing omicron outbreak. BBG
- Bank of Indonesia has delivered enough interest-rate increases, according to Governor Perry Warjiyo, who signaled that this round of tightening is coming to an end as the Federal Reserve also winds down. This is the second central bank in as many days (after the Bank of Canada yesterday) to signal an end to rate hikes. BBG
- Pakistan’s economy is at risk of collapse, with rolling blackouts and a severe foreign currency shortage leaving businesses struggling to operate as authorities attempt to revive an IMF bailout to relieve the deepening crisis. FT
- Adani Group may take legal action against Hindenburg Research after the US short seller alleged "brazen" market manipulation and accounting fraud. Shares of Adani-related entities slumped yesterday, shaving $12 billion off the empire of Asia's richest man, and a raft of its companies' dollar bonds fell further today. BBG
- Eurozone officials start talks on creating a huge multibillion-euro fund to compete w/the US green energy subsidies. London Times
- The NYSE mayhem earlier this week was due to simple human error, people familiar said — an exchange employee didn't correctly shut down a backup system running overnight so heading into Tuesday, the NYSE's computers treated the 9:30 a.m. bell as a continuation of trading, skipping the opening auctions. No word yet on the cost of the chaos. BBG
- Donald Trump's back. Meta will reinstate the former president's social media accounts "in the coming weeks" following a two-year suspension. He had 34 million followers on Facebook and 23 million on Instagram back in 2021 but, more important, his re-election campaign will now be able to buy ads to raise money via direct appeals or by capturing users' contact info to solicit them directly. BBG
- Tesla jumped as much as 8% premarket after profit beat, though there were mixed signals on the outlook. Elon Musk said production may top 1.8 million vehicles this year. BBG
A more detailed look at global markets courtesy of Newsquawk
APAC stocks traded somewhat mixed amid key holiday closures and after the flat handover from Wall St where the major indices recouped most of their initial losses after the BoC’s dovish hike. Nikkei 225 was subdued amid a firmer currency and upside in yields, while the government also lowered its overall economic assessment for the first time in 11 months. KOSPI gained despite the weaker-than-expected GDP data although the finance minister flagged the likelihood of a return to growth for the current quarter. Hang Seng outperformed as participants in Hong Kong returned from the Lunar New Year holiday and were greeted by strength in tech, property and autos, although trade across the rest of the region remained relatively quiet owing to the closures in Australia, China, Taiwan, India and Vietnam.
Top Asian News
- BoJ Summary of Opinions from the January meeting stated it is appropriate to maintain current monetary easing including YCC and that the BoJ must keep yields from rising across the curve while being mindful of the bond market function. Furthermore, they must spend more time to gauge the impact of the December decision and must conduct a review of policy at some point although it is appropriate to maintain easy policy for now, while they still see some distance in achieving the price goal and noted it will take some time to achieve sustained wage growth.
- IMF (policy proposal on Japan) says the BoJ should allow bond yields to move in a more flexible manner; If significant upside inflation risks materialise, BoJ needs to be ready to withdraw stimulus strong, e.g. by increasing interest rates; possible options for the BoJ include widening the yield bank, increasing the yield target, targeting shorter yields and shifting to a quantity target; BoJ policy is appropriate as inflation is likely to ease but risks are becoming more pronounced; FX intervention should be limited to special circumstances such as disorderly market conditions.
- Japan is to downgraded its COVID classification on May 8th, via NHK.
European bourses are firmer across the board, Euro Stoxx 50 +0.6%, with a busy morning for earnings dictating the state of play before Stoxx 600 heavyweight LVMH's (MC FP) earnings, due after-market on Thursday. Stateside, futures are firmer across the board, ES Mar'23 +0.2% and comfortably above the 4k mark and as such the 10- and 200-DMAs which reside on either side of the figure. NDX +0.6% is the incremental outperformer after a well received update from Tesla (TSLA) +7% pre-market while IBM (IBM) slips -1.6% after its Q4 report.
Top European News
- US and EU are reportedly discussing a potential deal regarding critical raw materials and minerals, to enable the EU to benefit from the US' Inflation Reduction Act/green investment plan, via Bloomberg citing sources.
- UK 2022 car production fell 9.8% Y/Y to 775k units, while car and light van production for 2023 is expected to increase 15% Y/Y to 984k units, according to SMMT.
- UK ONS says consumer behaviour indicators were broadly similar to the prior week.
- Irish Finance Minister McGrath says Brexit talks have reached a new level.
- Italian Economy Minister says before April they intend to extend relief measures to assist families and firms with energy costs, could alter regulations on capital gains tax.
- Denmark Calls for Mandatory Military Service for Women
- Europe Gas Prices Rebound After Slump With Asia Demand in Focus
- Diageo Drops as Sales Growth Slows in Crucial US Market
- Saipem Top Oil Services Pick at JPMorgan, Subsea 7 Cut
FX
- DXY slips to a minor new 101.500 y-t-d low, but holds in and pares some losses pre-US data raft.
- Aussie and Kiwi remain underpinned on inflation grounds, but AUD/USD heavy on 0.7100 handle and NZD/USD clipped around 0.6500.
- Yen recoils between 129.00-130.00 range vs Buck as Japan's top currency diplomat warns that sharp moves will not be tolerated, CNH bid as HK markets return from holiday with COVID reopening optimism.
- Euro and Pound wobble above 1.0900 and 1.2400 vs Dollar and ahead of technical resistance.
- Morgan Stanley's month-end USD rebalancing model: expects the USD to underperform in January, with weakness expected vs all G10 currencies ex-NOK.
- CBRT announced support for the conversion of firms' foreign exchange obtained from abroad into Turkish liras to support 'liraization' in commercial activities, with firms to be provided with FX conversion support corresponding to 2% of the amount converted.
Fixed Income
- Core benchmarks have continued to ease from best levels with the IMF's BoJ/Japan policy proposal adding to the pressure.
- Bunds holding just above 138.00 within 138.62-137.91 parameters while Gilts are just below 105.00 towards the mid-point of a 105.66-104.72 range.
- USTs are similarly contained around the 115.00 handle as participants await US data and a subsequent 7yr auction.
Commodities
- WTI and Brent March futures remain underpinned by the China-demand narrative, though are relatively rangebound overall and spent much of the morning trading with no firm direction with focus on geopols and French strike action.
- US and European gas futures are experiencing a modest divergence, with ING suggesting the US Nat Gas pressure is due to milder weather.
- TotalEnergies (TTE FP) says pension reforms strike action is interrupting shipments at French production sites, except for the Feyzin refinery (119k BPD). Continue to ensure petrol stations are supplied, no shortage.
- 24-hours strike declared at the 140k BPD Fos-Sur-Mer oil refinery in France, according to BFM TV citing an Esso Union official.
- German energy regulator says there is not enough gas saving in the third calendar week; household, business and industry consumption down 9%in total in that week (vs 20% target).
- Spot gold has been dipping from best levels amid seemingly yield-driven USD upside while LME copper is relatively resilient but has slipped from best levels.
Geopolitics
- Russian Kremlin says it sees the sending of Western tanks to Ukraine as direct and growing involvement in the conflict.
- Russian Security Council's Secretary Patrushev says the US and NATO are participating in the Ukrainian conflict and want to prolong it.
US Event Calendar
- 08:30: 4Q GDP Annualized QoQ, est. 2.6%, prior 3.2%
- 4Q GDP Price Index, est. 3.2%, prior 4.4%
- 4Q PCE Core QoQ, est. 3.9%, prior 4.7%
- 4Q Personal Consumption, est. 2.8%, prior 2.3%
- 08:30: Dec. Durable Goods Orders, est. 2.5%, prior -2.1%
- Dec. -Less Transportation, est. -0.2%, prior 0.1%
- Dec. Cap Goods Orders Nondef Ex Air, est. -0.2%, prior 0.1%
- Dec. Cap Goods Ship Nondef Ex Air, est. -0.4%, prior -0.1%
- 08:30: Jan. Initial Jobless Claims, est. 205,000, prior 190,000
- Continuing Claims, est. 1.66m, prior 1.65m
- 08:30: Dec. Advance Goods Trade Balance, est. -$88.1b, prior -$83.3b, revised -$82.9b
- 08:30: Dec. Retail Inventories MoM, est. 0.2%, prior 0.1%
- Wholesale Inventories MoM, est. 0.5%, prior 1.0%
- 08:30: Dec. Chicago Fed Nat Activity Index
- 10:00: Dec. New Home Sales MoM, est. -4.4%, prior 5.8%
- New Home Sales, est. 612,000, prior 640,000
- 11:00: Jan. Kansas City Fed Manf. Activity, est. -8, prior -9
DB's Jim Reid concludes the overnight wrap
Morning from Milan. Yet another first time since the pandemic started trip. Always nice to be back. I’d almost forgotten how good the food is here! It was a fairly positive macro dinner with clients generally constructive. It was unique to be in Italy and see no-one really too concerned about Italy credit quality which is testimony to the various EU/ECB packages both pre and post the pandemic and also impressive given how far the ECB has come on rates and how far it still has to go.
With markets overall on the calm side too at the moment we're getting our mini vol from entering earnings crossfire season where a big name’s quarterly report can pick you off. Indeed, sentiment yesterday was heavily influenced at first by Microsoft’s disappointing cloud sales outlook from after the bell on Tuesday night. The company’s shares were down around -4.5% soon after the open, before sentiment steadily improved as the day progressed. By the end of the day, it had clawed its way back up to have only lost -0.59%. More broadly, the Nasdaq and S&P 500 hit intraday lows of -2.34% and -1.69%, respectively, before closing at -0.18% and -0.02%. So a decent recovery.
After the close, we then heard from Tesla and IBM. Tesla reported adjusted earnings of $1.19 EPS ($1.12 EPS expected) as it sought to boost output quickly to achieve its previous guidance of 1.8mn vehicles delivered this year. In after-market trading it then advanced +5.5%, especially after Elon Musk said that he expected demand would remain strong despite an expected contraction and that there was a new “next-generation” vehicle that would be announced in March. IBM (-2.0% after-market) also beat earning expectations at $3.60 EPS (consensus was $3.58), and increased its sales forecast whilst announcing they would be cutting headcount by 1.5%. Against this backdrop, US equity futures are looking more positive this morning, with those on the S&P 500 (+0.12%) and the NASDAQ 100 (+0.35%) both higher.
With the S&P 500 finishing the day largely unchanged, 12 of 24 industry groups were in positive territory for the day. Telecoms (+2.50%), banks (+1.17%), insurance (+0.78%), and food & beverage (+0.73%) outperformed, whereas transports (-1.43%) and utilities (-1.36%) were the biggest laggards. Europe closed before the last of the rally in the US, with the STOXX 600 finishing down -0.29%. The STOXX Technology index was similarly down -1.66% at the lows before staging a late recovery itself that only left it down -0.13%.
Much like US equities, US bonds saw a decent range and by the close yields on 10yr Treasuries were down -1.1bps on the day to 3.44% (range 3.42-3.49%). By contrast in Europe, yields on 10yr bunds (+0.3bps), OATs (+1.1bps) and BTPs (+3.3bps) all moved higher to varying degrees. That followed fresh comments from ECB speakers, with Slovenia’s Vasle saying that rates should go up by 50bps at the next two meetings. Ireland’s Makhlouf also endorsed continuing with 50bps into March, saying that “We need to continue to increase rates at our meeting next week – by taking a similar step to our December decisions – and also at our March meeting.”
Ahead of the Fed and ECB decisions next week, we did get a decision yesterday from the Bank of Canada. They hiked by 25bps as expected, but said in their statement that they expect “to hold the policy rate at its current level while it assesses the impact of the cumulative interest rate increases.” Governor Macklem did make clear in his press conference statement that this was “a conditional pause”, and said they were willing to do more if needed to get inflation back to target. However, it’s still an important milestone after a series of 8 hikes at consecutive meetings, particularly given speculation about when the Fed might reach a similar point in their own hiking cycle.
Speaking of the Fed, they’re currently in their blackout period, but the Washington Post reported yesterday that Vice Chair Brainard was a top contender to become the next head of the National Economic Council at the White House. If that happened, that would open up a space on the board as well as the Vice Chair position, although as it stands Brainard’s position as both a Governor and Vice Chair currently last until H1 2026. Nevertheless, there is a precedent for such a move from the Fed to the White House, such as when former Chair Bernanke went from being a Fed Governor to Chair of the Council of Economic Advisers in 2005, before going back to the Fed as Chair the following year. Similarly, Janet Yellen made the same move from Fed Governor to CEA Chair in 1997.
Staying with the White House, the Biden administration announced that the US would be sending 31 M1 Abrams tanks to Ukraine, adding on to those confirmed by Germany. Delivery of the US tanks could take months but training would begin soon. The German tanks are expected to be sent to Ukraine within three months.
Overnight in Asia, equities have posted advances for the most part, with the Hang Seng up +1.89% as it resumed trading following a holiday. That leaves the index on track for its highest closing level since April last year, and brings its gains since the end of October to +53% now. In the meantime, the KOSPI was also up +1.44%, but the Nikkei is down -0.20% this morning amidst a further strengthening in the Japanese Yen, which stands at 129.36 per US Dollar this morning.
Looking at yesterday’s other data, the Ifo business climate indicator from Germany rose to a 7-month high of 90.2 in January (vs. 90.3 expected). And the expectations component rose to an 8-month high of 83.2 (vs. 82.0 expected).
To the day ahead now, and data releases from the US include the advance estimate of Q4 GDP, preliminary durable goods orders for December, new home sales for December and the weekly initial jobless claims. Otherwise, earnings releases include Visa, Mastercard, Intel, American Airlines and Comcast.
Uncategorized
Das: Is A Full-Blown Global Banking Crisis In The Offing?
Das: Is A Full-Blown Global Banking Crisis In The Offing?
Authored by Styajit Das via NewIndianExpress.com,
If everything is fine, then why…

Authored by Styajit Das via NewIndianExpress.com,
If everything is fine, then why are US banks borrowing billions at punitive rates at the discount window... a larger amount than in 2008/9?
Financial crashes like revolutions are impossible until they are inevitable. They typically proceed in stages. Since central banks began to increase interest rates in response to rising inflation, financial markets have been under pressure.
In 2022, there was the crypto meltdown (approximately $2 trillion of losses).
The S&P500 index fell about 20 percent. The largest US technology companies, which include Apple, Microsoft, Alphabet and Amazon, lost around $4.6 trillion in market value The September 2022 UK gilt crisis may have cost $500 billion. 30 percent of emerging market countries and 60 percent of low-income nations face a debt crisis. The problems have now reached the financial system, with US, European and Japanese banks losing around $460 billion in market value in March 2023.
While it is too early to say whether a full-fledged financial crisis is imminent, the trajectory is unpromising.
***
The affected US regional banks had specific failings. The collapse of Silicon Valley Bank ("SVB") highlighted the interest rate risk of financing holdings of long-term fixed-rate securities with short-term deposits. SVB and First Republic Bank ("FRB") also illustrate the problem of the $250,000 limit on Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") coverage. Over 90 percent of failed SVB and Signature Bank as well as two-thirds of FRB deposits were uninsured, creating a predisposition to a liquidity run in periods of financial uncertainty.
The crisis is not exclusively American. Credit Suisse has been, to date, the highest-profile European institution affected. The venerable Swiss bank -- which critics dubbed 'Debit Suisse' -- has a troubled history of banking dictators, money laundering, sanctions breaches, tax evasion and fraud, shredding documents sought by regulators and poor risk management evidenced most recently by high-profile losses associated with hedge fund Archegos and fintech firm Greensill. It has been plagued by corporate espionage, CEO turnover and repeated unsuccessful restructurings.
In February 2023, Credit Suisse announced an annual loss of nearly Swiss Franc 7.3 billion ($7.9 billion), its biggest since the financial crisis in 2008. Since the start of 2023, the bank's share price had fallen by about 25 percent. It was down more than 70 percent over the last year and nearly 90 percent over 5 years. Credit Suisse wealth management clients withdrew Swiss Franc 123 billion ($133 billion) of deposits in 2022, mostly in the fourth quarter.
The categoric refusal -- "absolutely not" -- of its key shareholder Saudi National Bank to inject new capital into Credit Suisse precipitated its end. It followed the announcement earlier in March that fund manager Harris Associates, a longest-standing shareholder, had sold its entire stake after losing patience with the Swiss Bank’s strategy and questioning the future of its franchise.
While the circumstances of individual firms exhibit differences, there are uncomfortable commonalities - interest rate risk, uninsured deposits and exposure to loss of funding.
***
Banks globally increased investment in high-quality securities -- primarily government and agency backed mortgage-backed securities ("MBS"). It was driven by an excess of customer deposits relative to loan demand in an environment of abundant liquidity. Another motivation was the need to boost earnings under low-interest conditions which were squeezing net interest margin because deposit rates were largely constrained at the zero bound. The latter was, in part, driven by central bank regulations which favour customer deposit funding and the risk of loss of these if negative rates are applied.
Higher rates resulted in unrealised losses on these investments exceeding $600 billion as at end 2022 at
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation-insured US banks. If other interest-sensitive assets are included, then the loss for American banks alone may be around $2,000 billion. Globally, the total unrealised loss might be two to three times that.
Pundits, most with passing practical banking experience, have criticised the lack of hedging. The reality is that eliminating interest rate risk is costly and would reduce earnings. While SVB's portfolio's duration was an outlier, banks routinely invest in 1- to 5-year securities and run some level of the resulting interest rate exposure.
Additional complexities inform some investment portfolios. Japanese investors have large holdings of domestic and foreign long-maturity bonds. The market value of these fixed-rate investments have fallen. While Japanese short-term rates have not risen significantly, rising inflationary pressures may force increases that would reduce the margin between investment returns and interest expense reducing earnings.
It is unclear how much of the currency risk on these holdings of Japanese investors is hedged. A fall in the dollar, the principal denomination of these investments, would result in additional losses. The announcement by the US Federal Reserve ("the Fed") of coordinated action with other major central banks (Canada, England, Japan, Euro-zone and Switzerland) to provide US dollar liquidity suggests ongoing issues in hedging these currency exposures.
Banking is essentially a confidence trick because of the inherent mismatch between short-term deposits and longer-term assets. As the rapid demise of Credit Suisse highlights, strong capital and liquidity ratios count for little when depositors take flight.
Banks now face falling customer deposits as monetary stimulus is withdrawn, the build-up of savings during the pandemic is drawn down and the economy slows. In the US, deposits are projected to decline by up to 6 percent. Financial instability and apprehension about the solvency of individual institutions can, as recent experience corroborates, result in bank runs.
***
The fact is that events have significantly weakened the global banking system. A 10 percent loss on bank bond holdings would, if realised, decrease bank shareholder capital by around a quarter. This is before potential loan losses, as higher rates affect interest-sensitive sectors of the economy, are incorporated.
One vulnerable sector is property, due to high levels of leverage generally employed.
House prices are falling albeit from artificially high pandemic levels. Many households face financial stress due to high mortgage debt, rising repayments, cost of living increases and lagging real income. Risks in commercial real estate are increasing. The construction sector globally shows sign of slowing down. Capital expenditure is decreasing because of uncertainty about future prospects. Higher material and energy costs are pushing up prices further lowering demand.
Heavily indebted companies, especially in cyclical sectors like non-essential goods and services and many who borrowed heavily to get through the pandemic will find it difficult to repay debt. The last decade saw an increase in leveraged purchases of businesses. The value of outstanding US leveraged loans used in these transactions nearly tripled from $500 billion in 2010 to around $1.4 trillion as of August 2022, comparable to the $1.5 trillion high-yield bond market. There were similar rises in Europe and elsewhere.
Business bankruptcies are increasing in Europe and the UK although they fell in the US in 2022. The effects of higher rates are likely to take time to emerge due to staggered debt maturities and the timing of re-pricing. Default rates are projected to rise globally resulting in bank bad debts, reduced earnings and erosion of capital buffers.
***
There is a concerted effort by financial officials and their acolytes to reassure the population and mainly themselves of the safety of the financial system. Protestations of a sound banking system and the absence of contagion is an oxymoron. If the authorities are correct then why evoke the ‘systemic risk exemption’ to guarantee all depositors of failed banks? If there is liquidity to meet withdrawals then why the logorrhoea about the sufficiency of funds? If everything is fine, then why have US banks borrowed $153 billion at a punitive 4.75% against collateral at the discount window, a larger amount than in 2008/9? Why the compelling need for authorities to provide over $1 trillion in money or force bank mergers?
John Kenneth Galbraith once remarked that "anyone who says he won't resign four times, will". In a similar vein, the incessant repetition about the absence of any financial crisis suggests exactly the opposite.
***
The essential structure of the banking is unstable, primarily because of its high leverage where around $10 of equity supports $100 of assets. The desire to encourage competition and diversity, local needs, parochialism and fear of excessive numbers of systemically important and 'too-big-to-fail' institutions also mean that there are too many banks.
There are over 4,000 commercial banks in the US insured by the FDIC with nearly $24 trillion in assets, most of them small or mid-sized. Germany has around 1,900 banks including 1,000 cooperative banks, 400 Sparkassen, and smaller numbers of private banks and Landesbanken. Switzerland has over 240 banks with only four (now three) major institutions and a large number of cantonal, regional and savings banks.
Even if they were adequately staffed and equipped, managers and regulators would find it difficult to monitor and enforce rules. This creates a tendency for 'accidents' and periodic runs to larger banks.
Deposit insurance is one favoured means of ensuring customer safety and assured funding. But that entails a delicate balance between consumer protection and moral hazard - concerns that it might encourage risky behaviour. There is the issue of the extent of protection.
In reality, no deposit insurance system can safeguard a banking system completely, especially under conditions of stress. It would overwhelm the sovereign's balance sheet and credit. Banks and consumers would ultimately have to bear the cost.
Deposit insurance can have cross-border implications. Thought bubbles like extending FDIC deposit coverage to all deposits for even a limited period can transmit problems globally and disrupt currency markets. If the US guarantees all deposits, then depositors might withdraw money from banks in their home countries to take advantage of the scheme setting off an international flight of capital. The movement of funds would aggravate any dollar shortages and complicate hedging of foreign exchange exposures. It may push up the value of the currency inflicting losses on emerging market borrowers and reducing American export competitiveness.
In effect, there are few if any neat, simple answers.
***
This means the resolution of any banking crisis relies, in practice, on private sector initiatives or public bailouts.
The deposit of $30 billion at FRB by a group of major banks is similar to actions during the 1907 US banking crisis and the 1998 $3.6 billion bailout of hedge fund Long-Term Capital Management. Such transactions, if they are unsuccessful, risk dragging the saviours into a morass of expanding financial commitments as may be the case with FRB.
A related option is the forced sale or shotgun marriage. It is unclear how given systemic issues in banking, the blind lending assistance to the deaf and dumb strengthens the financial system. Given the ignominious record of many bank mergers, it is puzzling why foisting a failing institution onto a healthy rival constitutes sound policy.
HSBC, which is purchasing SVB's UK operations, has a poor record of acquisitions that included Edmond Safra's Republic Bank which caused it much embarrassment and US sub-prime lender Household International just prior to the 2008 crisis. The bank's decision to purchase SVB UK for a nominal £1 ($1.20) was despite a rushed due diligence and admissions that it was unable to fully analyse 30 percent of the target's loan book. It was justified as 'strategic' and the opportunity to win new start-up clients.
On 19 March 2023, Swiss regulators arranged for a reluctant UBS, the country's largest bank, to buy Credit Suisse after it become clear that an emergency Swiss Franc 50 billion ($54 billion) credit line provided by the Swiss National Bank was unlikely to arrest the decline. UBS will pay about Swiss Franc 0.76 a share in its own stock, a total value of around Swiss Franc 3 billion ($3.2 billion). While triple the earlier proposed price, it is nearly 60 percent lower than CS’s last closing price of Swiss Franc1.86.
Investors cheered the purchase as a generational bargain for UBS. This ignores Credit Suisse's unresolved issues including toxic assets and legacy litigation exposures. It was oblivious to well-known difficulties in integrating institutions, particularly different business models, systems, practices, jurisdictions and cultures. The purchase does not solve Credit Suisse's fundamental business and financial problems which are now UBS’s.
It also leaves Switzerland with the problem of concentrated exposure to a single large bank, a shift from its hitherto preferred two-bank model. Analysts seemed to have forgotten that UBS itself had to be supported by the state in 2008 with taxpayer funds after suffering large losses to avoid the bank being acquired by foreign buyers.
***
The only other option is some degree of state support.
The UBS acquisition of Credit Suisse requires the Swiss National Bank to assume certain risks. It will provide a Swiss Franc 100 billion ($108 billion) liquidity line backed by an enigmatically titled government default guarantee, presumably in addition to the earlier credit support. The Swiss government is also providing a loss guarantee on certain assets of up to Swiss Franc 9 billion ($9.7 billion), which operates after UBS bears the first Swiss Franc 5 billion ($5.4 billion) of losses.
The state can underwrite bank liabilities including all deposits as some countries did after 2008. As US Treasury Secretary Yellen reluctantly admitted to Congress, the extension of FDIC coverage was contingent on US officials and regulators determining systemic risk as happened with SVB and Signature. Another alternative is to recapitalise banks with public money as was done after 2008 or finance the removal of distressed or toxic assets from bank books.
Socialisation of losses is politically and financially expensive.
Despite protestations to the contrary, the dismal truth is that in a major financial crisis, lenders to and owners of systemic large banks will be bailed out to some extent.
European supervisors have been critical of the US decision to break with its own standard of guaranteeing only the first $250,000 of deposits by invoking a systemic risk exception while excluding SVB as too small to be required to comply with the higher standards applicable to larger banks. There now exist voluminous manuals on handling bank collapses such as imposing losses on owners, bondholders and other unsecured creditors, including depositors with funds exceeding guarantee limit, as well as resolution plans designed to minimise the fallout from failures. Prepared by expensive consultants, they serve the essential function of satisfying regulatory checklists. Theoretically sound reforms are not consistently followed in practice. Under fire in trenches, regulators concentrate on more practical priorities.
The debate about bank regulation misses a central point. Since the 1980s, the economic system has become addicted to borrowing-funded consumption and investment. Bank credit is central to this process. Some recommendations propose a drastic reduction in bank leverage from the current 10-to-1 to a mere 3-to1. The resulting contraction would have serious implications for economic activity and asset values.
In Annie Hall, Woody Allen cannot have his brother, who thinks he is a chicken, treated by a psychiatrist because the family needs the eggs. Banking regulation flounders on the same logic.
As in all crises, commentators have reached for the 150-year-old dictum of Walter Bagehot in Lombard Street that a central bank's job is "to lend in a panic on every kind of current security, or every sort on which money is ordinarily and usually lent."
Central bankers are certainly lending, although advancing funds based on the face value of securities with much lower market values would not seem to be what the former editor of The Economist had in mind. It also ignores the final part of the statement that such actions "may not save the bank; but if it do not, nothing will save it."
Banks everywhere remain exposed. US regional banks, especially those with a high proportion of uninsured deposits, remain under pressure.
European banks, in Germany, Italy and smaller Euro-zone economies, may be susceptible because of poor profitability, lack of essential scale, questionable loan quality and the residual scar tissue from the 2011 debt crisis.
Emerging market banks' loan books face the test of an economic slowdown. There are specific sectoral concerns such as the exposure of Chinese banks to the property sector which has necessitated significant ($460 billion) state support.
Contagion may spread across a hyper-connected financial system from country to country and from smaller to larger more systematically important banks. Declining share prices and credit ratings downgrades combined with a slowdown in inter-bank transactions, as credit risk managers become increasingly cautious, will transmit stress across global markets.
For the moment, whether the third banking crisis in two decades remains contained is a matter of faith and belief. Financial markets will test policymakers' resolve in the coming days and weeks.
Uncategorized
Southwest Airlines Tries to End a Passenger Boarding Pain Point
The company has a novel way to end a practice that passengers hate.

The company has a novel way to end a practice that passengers hate.
Southwest Airlines boards its planes in a way very different from that of any of its major rivals.
As fans and detractors of the brand know, the airline does not offer seat assignments. Instead, passengers board by group and number. When you check into your flight, Southwest assigns you to the A, B, or C boarding groups and gives you a number 1-60. The A group boards first in numerical order.
DON'T MISS: Delta Move Is Bad News For Southwest, United Airlines Passengers
In theory, people board in the assigned order and can claim any seat that's available. In practice, the airline's boarding process leaves a lot of gray area that some people exploit. Others simply don't know exactly what the rules are.
If, for example, you are traveling with a friend who has a much later boarding number, is it okay to save a middle seat for that person?
Generally, that's okay because middle seats are less desirable, but technically it's not allowed. In general practice, if you move into the second half of the plane, no passenger will fight for a specific middle seat, but toward the front some may claim a middle seat.
There's less grey area, however, when it comes to trying to keep people from sitting in unoccupied seats. That's a huge problem for the airline, one that Southwest has tried to address in a humorous way.
Image source: Shutterstock
Southwest Airlines Has a Boarding Problem
When Southwest boards its flights it generally communicates to passengers about how full it expects the plane to be. In very rare cases, the airline will tell passengers when the crowd is small and they can expect that nobody will have to sit in a middle seat.
In most cases, however, at least since air travel has recovered after the covid pandemic, the airline usually announces that the flight is full or nearly full as passengers board. That's a de facto (and sometimes explicit) call not to attempt to discourage people from taking open seats in your row.
Unfortunately, many passengers know that sometimes when the airline says a flight is full, that's not entirely true. There might be a few no shows or a few seats that end up being open for one reason or another.
That leads to passengers -- at least a few of them on nearly every flight -- going to great lengths to try to end up next to an empty seat. Southwest has tried lots of different ways to discourage this behavior and has now resorted to humor in an effort to stop the seat hogs.
Southwest Uses Humor to Address a Pain Point
The airline recently released a video that addressed what it called "discouraged but crafty strategies to get a row to yourself" on Southwest. The video shows a man demonstrating all the different ways people try to dissuade other passengers from taking the open seats in their row.
These include, but are not limited to:
- Laying out across the whole row.
- Holding your arm up to sort of block the seats.
- Being too encouraging about someone taking the seat.
- Actually saying no when someone asks if they can have an open seat.
The airline also detailed a scenario it called "the fake breakup," where the person in the seat holds a loud phone conversation where he pretends he's being broken up with.
That one seems a bit of a reach, especially when Southwest left the most common seat-saving tactic out of its video -- simply putting some of your stuff in the open seat to make it appear unavailable.
Related Link:
link pandemicUncategorized
Why We Opened The Belgrade Bitcoin Hub
With a rich history and recent evolution, Belgrade is now home to the latest Bitcoin working and presentation space.

With a rich history and recent evolution, Belgrade is now home to the latest Bitcoin working and presentation space.
This is an opinion editorial by Plumski, a native of Serbia and founder of the Belgrade Bitcoin Hub.
“What we now want is closer contact and better understanding between individuals and communities all over the earth, and the elimination of egoism and pride which is always prone to plunge the world into primeval barbarism and strife…”
–Serbian-American inventor Nikola Tesla.
As Bitcoin adoption grows at an unprecedented rate for a new technology, Bitcoiners are setting up physical locations around the world where enthusiasts can work and play in group atmospheres.
For those of us taking part in this Bitcoin "Renaissance" period, it has been a great joy to watch the Bitcoin Beach success story in El Salvador that likely resulted in the country-wide adoption of bitcoin as legal tender. Since such projects are numerous in Africa, Central and South America, Bitcoiners living in Eastern Europe have watched these developments with intrigue. And added to that is the fact that Eastern Europe is economically underdeveloped compared to its Western European counterpart.
Inspired by what we saw in other parts of the world, a small group of Bitcoiners centered in the Serbian capital city of Belgrade recently opened a Bitcoin hub where we want to welcome visitors from around the world.
A New Chapter For A Historic City
Belgrade is a city that lies at the confluence of two great European rivers, the Danube and Sava, the apex of which is marked by the great Kalemegdan Fortress. This defensive fortress has withstood the test of time for over 15 centuries, bearing witness to battles too numerous to count. The history of Belgrade and the Serbian people as a whole has been a turbulent one.
Having the (mis)fortune of being located at the center of the geopolitically-important Balkan Peninsula, often on the border of two rivaling Eurasian empires, its people have been fighting for their independence from foreign influence throughout their history. Although it’s hard to estimate, history suggests that Belgrade has been destroyed and rebuilt over 40 times throughout its 17-century existence. Despite this, or perhaps because of it, Belgrade has always been the economic and artistic center of the region, as well as a home to people of all races, faiths and denominations.
Today, Belgrade is once again undergoing an important historical transition period. During the 1990s, civil wars took place in Croatia and Bosnia, republics of former Yugoslavia, culminating in the NATO bombing of Serbia and its capital city in 1999 and about 15 years of economic isolation from the western world.
Although the transformation is not fully complete, Belgrade is re-emerging as a vibrant cultural epicenter of the region. Much like the mosaic of architectural styles visible in the city's buildings, ranging from Communist-style, soulless heaps of gray concrete intermingled with wonderful old Secessionist buildings adorned with ornamental facades, its streetfronts are a collage of mom-and-pop-owned, modest businesses clashing with modern boutiques and glass-clad office buildings. Gone are the days when food options in the city's restaurants were limited solely to Balkan traditional cuisine. Now, poke, sushi, Chinese and Indian food, burger joints and American-style diners are all on the menu for the city's residents.
Contributing to the metamorphosis of the city's cultural fabric is also a noticeable shift in the residents who make up its population. Perhaps due to the relatively low cost of living compared to other world capitals, or Serbia's generally lax pandemic restrictions, or the political uncertainty that seems to have gripped the western world as of late, I have seen that a once heavily-emigrating city has been welcoming back a large segment of its old population and a sizeable inpouring of digital nomads that now call this place home.
Bitcoin Resilience, Despite Obstacles
In Serbian, the term "inat," a historically-defining characteristic of its people, can be loosely translated as "resilience." This mindset is ingrained in its population which, time and time again, rebuilds its homes on the heels of destructive periods to their former glory, to the dismay of invading armies, occupiers and detractors, because: inat.
As a result of years of unfulfilled promises from regional politicians, people of the Balkans are hard to convince about the long-term benefits that can be realized by adopting Bitcoin in one's life. A low time preference way of life to most people in this region is associated with disappointment and the lowered standards of living that have happened many times before.
Promises of quick riches (especially ones that suggest there is no associated risk whatsoever) is much more preferable for many and, thus, the power of the shitcoin narrative has sadly thrived in this region as "cryptocurrency" and "blockchain" marketing schemes gripped the world at large. To those of us who grew up in this part of the world, it is a dark comedy that, for instance, the Celsius bankruptcy affected our country as well. Like an exaggerated piece of irony from an Emir Kusturica movie, when the dust around this company's disastrous financial collapse finally settled, legal documents revealed that several entities associated with the Serbian government were listed as creditors to this well-known Ponzi scheme.
In general, Bitcoin-only companies and projects are hard to find here, but a growing community of Balkan Bitcoiners are imagining a different world of financial freedom to their compatriots.
And, much like Belgrade many times before, my personal life is undergoing a restructuring period. On my travels through the Bitcoin rabbit hole, I have met many people who are redesigning their lives around this paradigm-shifting technological discovery. With my recent move back from Canada to the city where I grew up, as I look around, it is easy to draw many parallels between the Bitcoin network architecture and the somewhat chaotic organization of Belgrade that just somehow seems to work — tick tock, next block.

Introducing DvadesetJedan
A group of us Bitcoiners from the countries of former Yugoslavia began to organize regular meetups about a year ago. Our group, called DvadesetJedan is an offshoot of the German Einundzwanzig initiative that was started to bring plebs together in meatspace so that enthusiasts can socialize, share ideas and formulate business ventures together in an informal atmosphere.
The idea behind Einundzwanzig is that geographically-distributed, independent Bitcoin communities can form across the world and eventually collaborate on their ongoing projects and offer traveling Bitcoiners a home, wherever they happen to be. In the Balkans, DvadesetJedan records a weekly podcast in the Serbian/Croatian language to cover Bitcoin news, philosophy and the technical architecture of the network. We are very proud to be the first Bitcoin-only podcast in the region and it is a great way for people that are too far from the city's urban centers, where our meetups take place, to receive high-signal Bitcoin content on a regular basis. This podcast is also complemented by our active Telegram channel and while our core group is made up of vehement shitcoin minimalists, a fair-sized part of the group is made up of noobs. We take special joy in guiding them through their journey toward understanding Bitcoin.
Since four of the six former Yugoslav republics that are now independent countries speak the same language, our initiative is multinational in nature. We collaborate with members from Slovenia, Macedonia, Croatia, Bosnia and Montenegro and our group has been steadily growing over the past year. We have a mixture of Bitcoin builders, content creators, developers and Bitcoin enthusiasts in the group who all come together on a regular basis for bar hopping, barbecues and road trips to Bitcoin events in the region.
While trendy breweries and coffee shops for our meetups are aplenty in Belgrade, a Bitcoin-dedicated space did not exist here nor in the wider Balkan peninsula. A small group of us decided to undertake the mission of finding and equipping a space where more serious discussions and presentations can take place.
Since Bitcoin professionals here are somewhat isolated compared to more-established regions such as Germany and the U.S., we also wanted the space to serve as a co-working environment for locals to bounce ideas off of other experts in the field. As we plan on partnering with local developers to build Bitcoin-focused businesses, this office space would also serve as the physical location for new startups to work with their teams.

Meetup in Belgrade: R0ckstarDev and Johns Beharry displaying Bitko Yinowski’s famous Bitcoin jam made from Serbian apricots.
The hunt was on and we scoured Belgrade in search of an ideal location. We focused our search to the center of the city so that future visitors can not only work in a comfortable space but can also easily access the museums, galleries, music venues, bars and restaurants that make up Belgrade's exciting social scene. We eventually found a duplex on the top floor of an old, mixed-use building next to the University of Belgrade’s philosophy faculty and it is perhaps fitting that the fort of Kalemegdan is within a two-minute walk from our new Belgrade Bitcoin Hub.
Welcome To The Belgrade Bitcoin Hub

Elevator control board to the top floor of the building where the hub is located. Source: Author.
The hub features a large, communal, co-working/presentation room where most of the action will be taking place, with two additional rooms that we will outfit into a recording studio and a more private office space.
At our disposal for visitors we have a variety of hardware wallets, a point-of-sale unit powered by BTCPay Server, a Bitcoin node and an Antminer S9 to experiment with the newest software being developed by the tenants of the space. For educational purposes, or to get extra inspiration, the hub has a small collection of Bitcoin literature for visitors to read.
During the early days of activity in the hub, it has been populated by drop-in visitors that prefer working in group settings. As we grow, we will develop the hub to be a venue for cultural events, art exhibits/auctions, hackathons, as well as a small-scale presentation center for Bitcoiners. While advanced users will be working at the hub, novices will benefit from presentations and hands-on demonstrations that will take place in the evenings and weekends. Inspired by many ventures around the world with similar goals in mind, we are especially proud that we made this hub a reality using our own funds to finance these initial steps.

In one of the first public presentations at the hub, Pavlenex described the history of the BTCPay Server project along with a live demo to an audience. Source: Author.
We want this space to be a permanent Bitcoin home in Belgrade and we hope that organizing such events will enable the space to finance itself for many years to come. While locals will be able to purchase annual memberships, we also have a structure in place so that Bitcoiners who do not live in Belgrade can come and work from the hub during their visits to Serbia. We are especially excited to welcome foreigners to the Belgrade Bitcoin Hub to build and help us build, however, the space will be limited.
Indeed, matching Bitcoiners from around the world with the immense talent that exists in Serbia is one of our top priorities. After all, everything our small group of believers has done to date has culminated into the Belgrade Hub genesis block.
This is a guest post by Plumski. Opinions expressed are entirely their own and do not necessarily reflect those of BTC Inc or Bitcoin Magazine.
cryptocurrency bitcoin blockchain btc pandemic-
Government15 hours ago
As We Sell Off Our Strategic Oil Reserves, Ponder This
-
Uncategorized23 hours ago
Das: Is A Full-Blown Global Banking Crisis In The Offing?
-
Uncategorized24 hours ago
Southwest Airlines Tries to End a Passenger Boarding Pain Point
-
Government24 hours ago
G7 Vs BRICS – Off To The Races
-
Uncategorized24 hours ago
Why We Opened The Belgrade Bitcoin Hub
-
Government15 hours ago
The Disinformation-Industrial Complex Vs Domestic Terror
-
Government24 hours ago
Disney World Event Gives Florida Gov. DeSantis the Middle Finger